Food-induced thermogenesis in obese children

Molnár, Denés; Varga, P.; Rubecz, I; Hamar, A; Mestyán, J

doi:10.1007/bf00491920

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…33 In obese children, a relation between decreased food-induced thermogenesis and insulin resistance has been also speculated but not clearly demonstrated. 8,10 Our results are consistent with these earlier data and therefore lend credence to the hypothesis that decreased glucose storage induced by insulin resistance is responsible for the CIT decrease observed in some massively obese children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Roughly equal numbers of studies have con®rmed and refuted a defect in food-induced thermogenesis in obese adults, 4,5,11 as well as in children 1,7,8,10,26 CIT was similar in our obese girls and in our controls, con®rming our previous report. 1 However, considerable interindividual variability in CIT values was seen in the obese patients, who fell into two groups, one with low and the other with normal CIT values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Weight loss and changes in energy metabolism in massively obese adolescents

et al. 1999

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the energy metabolism modi®cations induced by energy restriction and weight loss in massively obese adolescents. SUBJECTS: Ten massively obese girls (179 AE 31% of ideal body weight; age, 13.3 ± 16.4 y) after 2 ± 5 weeks on a lowenergy diet and 4.5 ± 11.5 months later, that is, after a substantial weight loss, and eight controls. MEASUREMENTS: Resting energy expenditure (REE) and carbohydrate-induced thermogenesis (CIT) after a sucrose load (by indirect calorimetry), plasma glucose and insulin before and after the sucrose load. RESULTS: After 2 ± 5 weeks on a low-energy diet, REE (7415 AE 904 kJad) was lower than the expected value calculated from the regression equation of REE on fat free mass in controls (P 0.005). After a 37 AE 17% reduction in excess weight, REE decreased (6405 AE 613 kJad) and remained lower than the expected value (P 0.005). At the early stages of weight loss, the area under the plasma glucose response curve was negatively correlated with CIT (r 7 0.80, P 0.01) and was higher in the six obese adolescents with low CIT than in the four with normal CIT (396 AE 52 vs 283 AE 26 mmol.l 71 .min 71 , P 0.01). After substantial weight loss, the area under the plasma insulin response curve decreased by 32% (P 0.02), and both CIT and the area under the plasma glucose response curve became similar in obese patients with low and normal CIT prior to weight loss. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that in massively obese adolescents, REE for fat-free mass is decreased at the very beginning of the process of losing weight and remains decreased as long as energy restriction and weight reduction carry on. They also indicate that the impaired CIT sometimes observed returns to normal after weight reduction suggesting that it is secondary to a decrease in glucose uptake induced by obesity-associated insulin resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Weight loss and changes in energy metabolism in massively obese adolescents

et al. 1999

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“…Plasma total lipids and free fatty acids (Table 2) were slightly increased in obese patients when compared with normal controls as previously observed (10,28). There was no significant difference in the plasma total cholesterol values.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Changes of Membrane Fluidity in Erythrocytes of Obese Children: A Spin Label Study

Curatola¹,

Ferretti²,

Bertoli³

et al. 1987

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACf. Red blood cells depend on circulating lipoproteins for the turnover of membrane phospholipids. Thus abnormalities in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism are frequently associated with changes in composition and fluidity of erythrocyte membranes. Using the electron spin resonance technique we studied the physical state of erythrocyte membranes from 15 obese children with a body mass index ranging from 22.8 to 34 kg. m"? and slight alterations of plasma lipids. The spin labels used, S-doxylstearate and 16-doxylstearate, have shown an increase of the order parameter and of the correlation time, respectively. These observations indicate a decrease of fluidity at the surface and in the hydrophobic core of erythrocyte membranes from obese subjects. The results are statistically significant and they are discussed in relation to clinical aspects of childhood obesity. Studies on erythrocyte membrane molecular organization could represent a sensitive way to find out small metabolic alterations hardly detectable with compositional studies. (Pediatr Res 22:141-144,1987) Abbreviations LPL, lipoprotein lipase LCAT, lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase ESR, electron spin resonance BMI, body mass index SoNS, S-doxylstearate 16-NS, 16-doxylstearate LDL, low-density lipoproteins HDL, high-density lipoproteins RBC, red blood cells Several studies on metabolic and fun ctional alterations in obesity are limited to obese adults; less att ention has been devoted to the pediatric obese subjects. In adult obese pat ients modifications of the activity of the LPL (I) and of the LCAT (2) suggest the hypothesis that obesit y could be associated with alterations of the lipoprotein metabolism.It is known that in certain specific pathological states , inborn errors of metabolism and/or dietary or hormonal disturbances are associated with changes in the surface of lipids of circulating lipoproteins and several lines of evidence correlate these changes with abnormalities in the lipids of erythrocyte membrane (3-7).Because the molecular organization of the erythrocyte membrane is known in detail, it is possible to correlate changes in membrane composition with modifications in membrane fluid- Received September 8, 1986; accepted February 19, 1987. Correspond ence should be addr essed to Prof. Giovanna Curatola, Istituto di Biochimi ca, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Via Ran ieri, 60 131 Ancona, Italy.Supported by a grant from Regione Marche, Ricerca Sanita ria Finalizzata, n. 213 22-5-1985. ity, moreover it is well known that membrane fluidity affects membrane-bound enzyme activities (8, 9), A reduced level of erythrocyte membrane tocopherol ( 10) which could explain the erythrocyte sensitivity to pero xidative damage, a lower concentration of insulin receptors (II), and a reduced Na +K+ pump ( 12) have been shown in erythrocytes of obese ch ildren. However until now there is no evidence for their direct or indirect involvement in the pathogenesis of obesity.The possible correlations between obesity and membrane physical state wer...

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“…There are severn data indicating that hyperinsulinaemia, which is obiquitously associated with obesity [13,20,21], might have a direct or indirect effect on the cardiovascular system and consequently on exercise performance. Hyperinsulinaemia has been implicated in the development of cardiac hypertrophy [1,10] and of atherosclerosis [27,30].…”

Section: Offprint Requests To: D Moln~rmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fasting hyperinsulinaemia on physical fitness in obese children

Molnár

Pórszász

1990

Eur J Pediatr

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Treadmill stress testing was carried out according to the Bruce protocol on 14 non-hyperinsulinaemic and 11 hyperinsulinaemic obese children and on 43 age-matched controls. The obese groups were matched for body weight, body composition, physical activity and plasma lipid values. Body composition was calculated on the basis of four skinfold measurements. Exercise duration and physical working capacity corrected for body weight and lean body mass were decreased in the obese children (P less than 0.01). The hyperinsulinaemic obese children had lower physical working capacities (in absolute values and when corrected for body weight and lean body mass) than the non-hyperinsulinaemic obese children (P less than 0.05). The exercise period was not significantly different in the two obese subgroups. While fasting plasma insulin levels showed a significant negative correlation with exercise duration and relative physical working capacity in the obese children, the anthropometric parameters did not. It is suggested that the decreased physical fitness in obese children is further aggravated in those with hyperinsulinaemia.

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Food-induced thermogenesis in obese children

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Weight loss and changes in energy metabolism in massively obese adolescents

Weight loss and changes in energy metabolism in massively obese adolescents

Changes of Membrane Fluidity in Erythrocytes of Obese Children: A Spin Label Study

The effect of fasting hyperinsulinaemia on physical fitness in obese children

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