Footprint Recognition with Principal Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis

Khokher, Rohit; Singh, Ram Chandra; Kumar, Rahul

doi:10.1002/masy.201400045

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Ref. [38,98] put forward texture and shape oriented footprint features using PCA and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based work for footprint feature extraction, and pattern recognition has been carried out to get a recognition rate of 92.5% [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ref. [38] exhibit the use of PCA and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for footprint recognition. PCA initially computes the covariance matrix using eq.…”

Section: Orientation Feature-newborn Babymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[35,36,82,83] manifold feature extraction; PCA trains the data, and stochastic gradient descent algorithms have utilized to match the footprint for recognition; PCA can do recognition with SVM, or Wavelet-based Fuzzy Neural Network can also be used for recognition feature has extracted based on Gabor filter and DWT 90.35%. Khokher et al [38] PCA and ICA ; PCA initially computes the covariance matrix using C = (X −x) × (X −x) T ; ∀ meanx in dataset X. The computation in ICA begin with centering to get centered observation vector of x as xc = x −x.…”

Section: Foot-boundary For Crime Scene Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cyber Forensic Review of Human Footprint and Gait-based System for Personal Identification in Crime Scene Investigation

Kk¹

2018

Preprint

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Human footprint is having a unique set of ridges unmatched by any other human being, and therefore it can be used in different identity documents for example birth certificate, Indian biometric identification system AADHAR card, driving license, PAN card, and passport. There are many instances of the crime scene where an accused must walk around and left the footwear impressions as well as barefoot prints and therefore it is very crucial to recovering the footprints to identify the criminals. Footprint-based biometric is a considerably newer technique for personal identification. Fingerprints, retina, iris and face recognition are the methods most useful for attendance record of the person. This time world is facing the problem of global terrorism. It is challenging to identify the terrorist because they are living as regular as the citizens do. Their soft target includes the industries of special interests such as defense, silicon and nanotechnology chip manufacturing units, pharmacy sectors. They pretend themselves as religious persons, so temples and other holy places, even in markets is in their targets. These are the places where one can obtain their footprints easily. The gait itself is sufficient to predict the behaviour of the suspects. The present research is driven to identify the usefulness of footprint and gait as an alternative to personal identification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ref. [38] exhibit the use of PCA and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for footprint recognition. PCA initially computes the covariance matrix using eq.…”

Section: Orientation Feature-newborn Babymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Foot-boundary For Crime Scene Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyber Forensic Review of Human Footprint and Gait-based System for Personal Identification in Crime Scene Investigation

Kk¹

2018

Preprint

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“…The second principal component provides the basis vector of next directions orthogonal to the first principal component and so on. The last dimension of this subspace captures the least amount of variance among the images based on the statistical characteristics of the targets [2], [8], [10], [11].…”

Section: ) Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It generally discards principal components with zero or near-zero eigenvalues. Hence, it results in dimensionality reduction [2], [8], [10], [11].…”

Section: ) Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Distance Metric for Touch less Footprint Based Identification Technique

Gupta*¹,

Deepa²

2020

IJITEE

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In this fast-paced technology-driven today's era, biometrics is not the new buzzword in the information security domain. Biometrics uses any physiological or/ and behavioral attribute/s of an individual for personal identification and/or verification. In biometrics, so many traits, like a fingerprint, face, palm, retina, iris, ECG, gait, voice, and signature, etc., have been used from ages to uniquely identify a human being. Biometrics based on Footprints is the latest practice for personal identification. Like fingerprints and palmprints, footprints of individuals carry uniqueness; hence can be used in biometrics for personal recognition. This work investigates the powerfulness of footprints by extracting texture and shape features using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method based upon Eigenfeet and introduces a new distance metric during the matching phase. Experimental results show that the new distance metric shows better results in comparison to the Euclidean, Manhattan and Mahalanobis distances.

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Footprint Identification: Review of an Emerging Biometric Trait

Khokher

Singh

2021

Macromolecular Symposia

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Biometric systems are progressively replacing traditional password‐based and token‐based validation systems. Security and acknowledgment precision are the two most significant viewpoints to be considered in developing a biometric system. Today, biometric has been effectively conveyed in different fields like criminological science, security, distinguishing proof, and approval systems. In this study, a complete survey is introduced to reveal insight into the most recent advancements in the investigation of footprint‐based individual recognition covering different angles that have been utilized by scientists to improve this biometric modality. The paper presents various techniques developed so far for recognizing a person's identity using foot geometry and footprint structure. Because of a careful examination and conversation, impediments of existing exploration work are discussed and recommendations for future work are given.

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Footprint Recognition with Principal Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Cyber Forensic Review of Human Footprint and Gait-based System for Personal Identification in Crime Scene Investigation

Cyber Forensic Review of Human Footprint and Gait-based System for Personal Identification in Crime Scene Investigation

Novel Distance Metric for Touch less Footprint Based Identification Technique

Footprint Identification: Review of an Emerging Biometric Trait

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