Force coefficient at each support point of a container crane according to the wind direction

Han, Dong-Seop; Han, Ge

doi:10.1007/s12541-011-0141-5

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Therefore, works that report the results of the measured wind conditions performed on real-scale structures are very important [20][21][22]. Next, these results are the basis for creating appropriate conditions in the aerodynamic tunnels, where the scaled models or parts of real-scale structures are investigated [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Wind Load Required to Cause the Overturning of a Gantry Crane, Comparing Different Structures of the Main Horizontal Girder

Augustyn,

Barski

2024

Applied Sciences

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The present paper concerns the problem of estimating the loading induced by the wind on a gantry crane standing in the open air. Sufficiently strong wind may cause the device to move or even tip over. Two different structures were studied, namely the box girder and truss girder. At the very beginning, the two sectional scaled parts of the main horizontal beam (box and truss girder) of the gantry were prepared. Next, experimental analysis using these models was carried out in an aerodynamic tunnel to estimate the horizontal forces induced by the airflow acting on them. The experimental values of the aerodynamic forces were exploited to verify the 3D computational model of the studied structure. Numerical computations were carried out using the ANSYS Fluent 2022R2 system for both sectional models of the gantry crane mentioned above. The standard k-epsilon model of the turbulent flow of the air is employed. Satisfactory agreement of the values between the experimental and numerical results was achieved. As a result of the performed computations, the magnitude of the critical wind velocity that can be dangerous for the studied gantry cranes was estimated. Finally, a model of the gantry crane with box girder at full scale was analyzed using CFD simulations for different Davenport wind profiles. The results obtained from the experimental and numerical analysis of the sectional models were compared with the appropriate standards. In the current work, attention is drawn to the importance of changing wind direction in the vertical plane since, as shown in the results of this work, even a small change in vertical angle, up to 6°, causes significant changes in the value of the force required to overturn the gantry crane.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Wind Load Required to Cause the Overturning of a Gantry Crane, Comparing Different Structures of the Main Horizontal Girder

Augustyn,

Barski

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…[1] This technology has been utilized for fabricating micro/nanostructures of metal, polymer, and DOI: 10.1002/admt.202301798 ceramic materials, etc. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] A typical E-Jet printing setup mainly consists of a syringe pump, a needle, a high-voltage power supply, and a substrate. When a suitable electrical potential is applied to the nozzle, an electrostatic field is formed between the nozzle and the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Droplets Trajectories Modulation of Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Pattern Refinement Using Electrostatic Deflection

Li,

Zhu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Electrohydrodynamic jet (E‐Jet) printing is a highly promising non‐contact additive manufacturing technology. However, the fast jets generated by E‐Jet may cause droplet accumulation on small curvature features due to the slow motion control achieved by the mechanical stage, leading to a degradation of printed patterns in localized areas. Here, a method is proposed for ultrafast modulation of jet trajectories to achieve finely patterned E‐Jet printing by introducing jet‐deflecting electrodes around the jet, which can continuously transform the jet trajectory with lateral acceleration up to 104 ms−2. This extraordinary acceleration is two orders of magnitude higher than that can be achieved by using mechanical stage motion. Through a combination of numerical calculations and experiments, the effects of electric field parameters on the feature size and kinematic properties of jet droplets are investigated. In addition, deposition errors of <5 µm are fabricated by selecting appropriate working parameters and using UV‐curable adhesives as printing ink. Subsequently, complex micropatterns with feature curvatures <4 µm are successfully printed, demonstrating the consistency and reliability of this electrostatic deflection technique in achieving a uniform droplet deposition pitch. This innovative approach holds significant promise in the field of high‐quality microscale additive manufacturing.

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“…Current printing technologies used for electronics fabrication included fused deposition modeling, [ 24–26 ] stereolithography, [ 27,28 ] inkjet 3D printing, [ 29,30 ] etc. EHD printing has been studied as a cost‐effective, high‐resolution printing approach applied for a variety of functional materials, such as polymeric materials, [ 31,32 ] metal nanoparticles, [ 33 ] and molten metals, [ 5,10,34 ] which have been demonstrated for electronics fabrication. [ 35,36 ] Using soft substrates combined with proper fractal design offer excellent flexibility and stretchability for electronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 35,36 ] Using soft substrates combined with proper fractal design offer excellent flexibility and stretchability for electronics. [ 5,10,34,37,38 ] A few previous research have demonstrated the fabrication of the metallic circuits embedded in the polymer structures, which can obtain stable electrical performance during deformation. [ 31,34,38–43 ] With the help of the supporting material or mechanical molds, conductors with 3D structures were fabricated by hybrid printing processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 5,10,34,37,38 ] A few previous research have demonstrated the fabrication of the metallic circuits embedded in the polymer structures, which can obtain stable electrical performance during deformation. [ 31,34,38–43 ] With the help of the supporting material or mechanical molds, conductors with 3D structures were fabricated by hybrid printing processes. [ 42,43 ] Using proper materials, such as low‐melting‐point metal alloy and thermoplastic polymer, out‐of‐plane structures can be directly printed in the vertical direction by EHD printing, [ 32,34,44 ] which provide a promising way to create conductive vertical VIA interconnects directly by printing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct Fabrication of VIA Interconnects by Electrohydrodynamic Printing for Multi‐Layer 3D Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Ren

Dong

2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Multi‐layer electrical interconnects are critical for the development of integrated soft wearable electronic systems, in which functional devices from different layers need to be connected together by vertical interconnects. In this work, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology is studied to achieve multi‐layer flexible and stretchable electronics by direct printing vertical interconnects as vertical interconnect accesses (VIAs) using a low‐melting‐point metal alloy. The EHD printed metallic vertical interconnection represents a promising way for the direct fabrication of multilayer integrated electronics with metallic conductivity and excellent flexibility and stretchability. By controlling the printing conditions, vertical interconnects that can bridge different heights can be fabricated. To achieve reliable VIA connections under bending and stretching conditions, an epoxy protective structure is printed around the VIA interconnects to form a core‐shell structure. A stable electrical response is achieved under hundreds of bending cycles and during stretching/releasing cycles in a large range of tensile strain (0–40%) for the printed conductors with VIA interconnects. A few multi‐layer devices, including a multiple layer heater, and a pressure‐based touch panel are fabricated to demonstrate the capability of the EHD printing for the direct fabrication of vertical metallic VIA interconnects for flexible and stretchable devices.

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Force coefficient at each support point of a container crane according to the wind direction

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Estimation of the Wind Load Required to Cause the Overturning of a Gantry Crane, Comparing Different Structures of the Main Horizontal Girder

Estimation of the Wind Load Required to Cause the Overturning of a Gantry Crane, Comparing Different Structures of the Main Horizontal Girder

Ultrafast Droplets Trajectories Modulation of Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Pattern Refinement Using Electrostatic Deflection

Direct Fabrication of VIA Interconnects by Electrohydrodynamic Printing for Multi‐Layer 3D Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

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