Force Sensing Resistor (FSR): a brief overview and the low-cost sensor for active compliance control

Sadun, Amirul Syafiq; Jalani, Jamaludin; Sukor, Jumadi Abdul

doi:10.1117/12.2242950

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…FSR Sensors. FSR sensors are devices that allow measuring static and dynamic forces applied to a contact surface [17]. Their specified switching time delay was 1 ms.…”

Section: System Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Lying Posture through Recognition of Multitier Body Parts

Kim

Kwon

Hyun-Min

et al. 2019

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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In this paper, we propose a lying posture discrimination algorithm to monitor the behavior pattern of a person lying in bed. Using FSR (force sensing resistor) sensors arranged in a grid structure, three major body parts such as head, shoulder, and hips are identified, and six lying positions are determined based on these body parts. Head, shoulder, and hips are relatively high in pressure and are easy to distinguish due to low movement. In addition, we have effectively limited the search space to identify the above body parts based on standard body dimensions. Experimental results show that there is a correlation between pressure distribution and lying posture. The results of this study can be applied to the monitoring of sleep posture and can also be used as an aid to prevent fall accidents and the occurrence of pressure ulcers of elderly patients who are unable to move.

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“…FSR Sensors. FSR sensors are devices that allow measuring static and dynamic forces applied to a contact surface [17]. Their specified switching time delay was 1 ms.…”

Section: System Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FSR 406 sensor in Figure 4 [18] is more sensitive to forces with lower magnitude, being able to distinctively respond to forces as low as 20 g [19]. Considering cheap and reliable force sensor, it can be a suitable candidate to measure the force during interaction [17].…”

Section: System Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Lying Posture through Recognition of Multitier Body Parts

Kim

Kwon

Hyun-Min

et al. 2019

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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“…One of the limitations of these systems is related to the performance of the force-sensing resistance (FSR) sensors used to measure the pinch force of the thumb–index fingers, which may jeopardize the accuracy of the pinch force measurements. FSR sensors have low performance in terms of voltage drifting, high hysteresis, and low repeatability [ 14 ]. In addition, FSR sensors have some variations in their performance due to the difficulty in applying standard calibration procedures, which results in different calibration outcomes compared to the manufacturer’s datasheet [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the Therapist’s Gentle Pull for Pinch Strength Testing Based on FMA and MMT: An Experimental Study with Healthy Subjects

et al. 2021

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Static pinch strength against a therapist’s gentle pull is evaluated using the pincer grasp component of the Fugl Meyer Assessment (FMA) to assess pinch impairment after stroke. In the pincer grasp component, therapists applied a gentle pull to distinguish between a score of 1 (moderate pinch impairment) and a score of 2 (no pinch impairment). The gentle pull is described as a resistance equivalent to a manual muscle test (MMT) score 4/5. The accepted use of “gentle” as a qualitative description for the pull results is a non-standardized subjective interpretation. The goal of this paper was to determine the quantitative value of the gentle pull applied by the therapists as in their clinical practice using a pinch–pull gripping system. The FMA protocol was used to standardize the body and fingers positions of three occupational therapists who were then instructed to apply a gentle pull of 4/5 MMT using their thumb and index fingers (in a tip-to-tip pinch). The results show that the therapists exerted a mean gentle pull (4/5 MMT score) of 6.34 ± 0.98 N with high reliability and acceptable repeatability. In investigating the ability of healthy subjects to resist the gentle pull, 50 adult male volunteers were instructed to pinch the pincer object and resist a dynamic loading exerted by the pinch–pull gripping system as much as possible to the moment the pincer object slips away. The results show that all subjects were able to exert a pulling force higher than the quantitative value of the gentle pull.

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“…402 (Interlink Electronics) was enclosed with steel plates and dental protection to create device for measurement of bite forces produced with posterior teeth [20]. Several studies [21][22][23][24][25] compared characteristics of commercial force sensing resistors (usually from Interlink, FlexiForce and LuSense), but there is a lack of publications which reports performances of custom-made force sensing resistors with properties comparable or better with commercial ones. This work describes a design of tailor-made force sensing resistors intended to be used in dental medicine (dimensions are adapted for application in oral cavity on the teeth surfaces).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Performances of Flexible Tailor-Made Force Sensing Resistors Fabricated Using Inkjet and Xurographic Techniques

et al. 2019

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The force is one of the parameters very often measured in our life. Force sensing resistors (FSRs) can be successfully used for measuring force, especially that they can be applied in dentistry for measuring bite forces. However, it is very difficult to apply commercial FSRs for accurate measurement of bite forces and to ensure personalized approach to each patient. Because of that, design, fabrication, and characterization of tailor-made force sensing resistors intended for application in dental medicine are presented in this paper. We designed two FSRs, one with two active areas and one with four active areas (for teeth of higher volume–molars). Two different fabrication processes were applied: first additive, using inkjet printer and silver as material for conductive segments, and second subtractive, using cutter, and gold as a material for manufacturing of interdigitated structure of FSR. Performances of these FSRs have been compared, measuring resistance as a function of applied force, using in-house developed experimental set-up with an articulator.

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Force Sensing Resistor (FSR): a brief overview and the low-cost sensor for active compliance control

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of Lying Posture through Recognition of Multitier Body Parts

Determination of Lying Posture through Recognition of Multitier Body Parts

Quantification of the Therapist’s Gentle Pull for Pinch Strength Testing Based on FMA and MMT: An Experimental Study with Healthy Subjects

Comparison of Performances of Flexible Tailor-Made Force Sensing Resistors Fabricated Using Inkjet and Xurographic Techniques

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