“…Between 1986 and 1996, Hong Kong's throughput reached double-digit growth, and Hong Kong firmly established itself as a global logistics hub (Wang, 1998;Wang and Slack, 2000;Yeung et al, 2004;Fu et al, 2010). The total container throughput of Hong Kong grew from 9.2 million TEUs in 1993 to more than 19.1 million TEUs in 2002 (Yeung et al, 2004).In the 1990s, Hong Kong maintained its position as the world's busiest port measured by container throughput (Wang and Slack, 2000;Loo and Hook, 2002;Seabrooke et al, 2003).To enlarge container terminal capacity, Terminal 9 was opened in 2004 on the southeastern shoreline of Tsing Yi Island. The enlargement of what was now known as the Kwai Tsing Container Terminals (formerly the Kwai Chung Container Terminals) helped Hong Kong to keep its role as one of the leading ports for southern China in the twenty-first century (Marine Department, 2017).…”