Forecasting the global extent of invasion of the cereal pest <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>, the fall armyworm

Early, Regan; González‐Moreno, Pablo; Murphy, Sean T.; Day, Roger

doi:10.1101/391847

Cited by 59 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In Lampung Province, S. frugiperda was initially observed in March 2019 causing severe damage to corn in the district of Pringsewu and Lampung Timur, mostly on young plants. As it is mentioned by Early et al (2018), the S. frugiperda found in Lampung has very rapid spread. The invaded corn field increased more than 40% only in 2 weeks, from June 1, 2019, when it was found in 796 ha of cornfield, compared to 1337ha in June 15, 2019 (BPTPH 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The fall armyworm S. frugiperda has a migratory behavior with a high dispersal capacity that allows the pest to quickly spread along with the range of its host plants (Kumela et al 2018). S. frugiperda dispersed quickly because the adult can fly hundreds of kilometers per days (Early et al 2018;Westbrook et al 2015) with the help of the wind (Rose et al 1975;Mitchell et al 1991;Early et al 2018;Westbrook et al 2015). In 2018 it was reported in India (Sharanabasappa et al 2018) and dispersed to Thailand and Myanmar (IPPC 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Lestari P, Budiarti A, Fitriana Y, Susilo FX, Swibawa IG, Sudarsono H, Suharjo R, Hariri AM, Purnomo, Nuryasin, Solikhin, Wibowo L, Jumari, Hartaman M. 2020. Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1670-1677. Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most recent invasive and destructive insect pest in Indonesia. Recently, it has been reported that this pest was found in some cornfield areas in Sumatera, including Lampung. This research was performed to confirm the presence of S. frugiperda in Lampung Province by collecting and identifying larvae of Spodoptera found in the field as well as investigation on the genetic diversity of the established populations and to observe the damage caused by this pest on cornfields in the Lampung Province. The observation was conducted from February-April 2019 at four locations (districts) representing corn-producing areas in Lampung, namely Lampung Selatan, Lampung Timur, Pesawaran and Pringsewu, each location comprising five plots. The plot is a cornfield with plants aged 14-40 days after planting. Twenty plants were randomly chosen in every plot as plant samples to collect the Spodoptera larvae and to calculate the absolute plant damage caused by the larvae. The absolute plant damage was analyzed by dividing the attacked plants with total plants observed and multiply by 100%. Identification of the Spodoptera larvae was performed based on morphological characters and molecular techniques using sequence analysis of Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The result confirmed that the larvae found in the cornfield in Lampung were S. frugiperda. There was no nucleotides variation in the sequence of COI gene among S. frugiperda found in Lampung Province (Lampung Selatan, Lampung Timur, Pesawaran and Pringsewu) as well as S. frugiperda that was found in corn from foreign countries. The absolute plant damage caused by this pest in the four districts of Lampung was in the range of 26.50-70%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia

et al. 2020

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“…Several SDM approaches have been developed based on different techniques, and their choice represents a major source of variability (Meller et al., ; Naimi and Araújo, ). SDM ensembles aggregate the results of different SDMs and allow finding areas that are classified as suitable for the species across models, giving more consistent estimates (Early et al., ).…”

Section: Data and Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the Scientific Opinion on the risks to plant health posed by Xylella fastidiosa in the EU territory

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2019

EFS2

140

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EFSA was asked to update the 2015 EFSA risk assessment on Xylella fastidiosa for the territory of the EU. In particular, EFSA was asked to focus on potential establishment, short-and long-range spread, the length of the asymptomatic period, the impact of X. fastidiosa and an update on risk reduction options. EFSA was asked to take into account the different subspecies and Sequence Types of X. fastidiosa. This was attempted throughout the scientific opinion but several issues with data availability meant that this could only be partially achieved. Models for risk of establishment showed most of the EU territory may be potentially suitable for X. fastidiosa although southern EU is most at risk. Differences in estimated areas of potential establishment were evident among X. fastidiosa subspecies, particularly X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex which demonstrated areas of potential establishment further north in the EU. The model of establishment could be used to develop targeted surveys by Member States. The asymptomatic period of X. fastidiosa varied significantly for different host and pathogen subspecies combinations, for example from a median of approximately 1 month in ornamental plants and up to 10 months in olive, for pauca. This variable and long asymptomatic period is a considerable limitation to successful detection and control, particularly where surveillance is based on visual inspection. Modelling suggested that local eradication (e.g. within orchards) is possible, providing sampling intensity is sufficient for early detection and effective control measures are implemented swiftly (e.g. within 30 days). Modelling of long-range spread (e.g. regional scale) demonstrated the important role of long-range dispersal and the need to better understand this. Reducing buffer zone width in both containment and eradication scenarios increased the area infected. Intensive surveillance for early detection, and consequent plant removal, of new outbreaks is crucial for both successful eradication and containment at the regional scale, in addition to effective vector control. The assessment of impacts indicated that almond and Citrus spp. were at lower impact on yield compared to olive. Although the lowest impact was estimated for grapevine, and the highest for olive, this was based on several assumptions including that the assessment considered only Philaenus spumarius as a vector. If other xylem-feeding insects act as vectors the impact could be different. Since the Scientific Opinion published in 2015, there are still no risk reduction options that can remove the bacterium from the plant in open field conditions. Short-and long-range spread modelling showed that an early detection and rapid application of phytosanitary measures, consisting among others of plant removal and vector control, are essential to prevent further spread of the pathogen to new areas. Further data collection will allow a reduction in uncertainty and facilitate more tailored and effective control given the intraspecific diversity of X. fastidiosa an...

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“…Duration of larval stage (usually six instars) is about 14 days during the summer and may prolong to 30 days during cold weather and the last instar moves onto the ground and pupates (Sparks, ). The adult of S. frugiperda has strong flight ability and has spread rapidly in Africa, India and other Asian countries (Early et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Initial detections and spread of invasive Spodoptera frugiperda in China and comparisons with other noctuid larvae in cornfields using molecular techniques

Jing

Guo

Jiang³

et al. 2019

Insect Science

156

109

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The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a species native to the Americas and has spread to many countries in Africa and Asia in recent years. Proactive actions for potential invasion of S. frugiperda to China coordinated by government agencies and agricultural extension systems resulted in timely detection in January 2019 in Yunnan province neighboring onto Myanmar. The extensive monitoring in southern provinces of China since February 2019 resulted in dynamic tracking of S. frugiperda spreading to 13 provincial regions in China within 4 months by May 10, 2019, which is crucial for timely management actions in the fields. The first detections of S. frugiperda (corn strain) in China were confirmed using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi) genes molecular marker method. In addition to S. frugiperda, larvae of three other noctuid species with similar morphological appearance (S. litura, S. exigua and Mythimna separata) can occur simultaneously and cause similar damage in cornfields in southern China. Thus, we can use both morphological and molecular marker methods to compare larval stages of four noctuid species. Further, we discuss the risk of potential spread of invasive S. frugiperda to other regions and impact on corn production in China.

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Forecasting the global extent of invasion of the cereal pest Spodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm

Cited by 59 publications

References 46 publications

Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia

Identification and genetic diversity of Spodoptera frugiperda in Lampung Province, Indonesia

Update of the Scientific Opinion on the risks to plant health posed by Xylella fastidiosa in the EU territory

Initial detections and spread of invasive Spodoptera frugiperda in China and comparisons with other noctuid larvae in cornfields using molecular techniques

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