Foreign body episcleral granulomas complicating intravitreal silicone oil tamponade

Subconjunctival and Orbital Silicone Oil Granuloma (Siliconoma) Complicating Intravitreal Silicone Oil Tamponade

“…There have been 3 cases of silicone oil intrusion in the upper eyelid 1, 8, and 19 years after vitreoretinal surgery [2, 8], and Nazemi et al [4] reported 1 case of subconjunctival silicone oil granuloma leaked through Ahmed glaucoma valve. Srinivasan et al [9] described 2 cases of episcleral granulomas adjacent to vitrectomy entry sites after silicone oil tamponade. These previous studies usually showed delayed manifestation of extraocular silicone oil from 1 to 19 years.…”

Immunopathology of intraocular silicone oil: enucleated eyes

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In addition, by immunohistochemical analysis we have shown that the intraocular inflammatory response associated with sequestered silicone oil differs from that seen in eyes with similar pathologies but without silicone oil. Examination of nine globes exposed to silicone oil found that the oil was closely associated with localised inflammation, suggesting that the inflammatory response was at least partly attributable to the presence of silicone oil rather than coexisting ocular pathology.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The toxic effects of silicone oil are thought to be due to the migration and subsequent sequestration of silicone oil within ocular tissues as shown by several histopathological and clinical case series. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Silicone oil has been observed in varied intraocular structures from the cornea to the retina, and also with progression through the optic nerve to the optic chiasm and brain. 6 8 12 The presence of an associated inflammatory response in ocular tissue has also been documented, characteristically showing macrophages and giant cells laden with lipid vacuoles.…”

Immunopathology of intraocular silicone oil: retina and epiretinal membranes

“…[2][3][4][5][6] Sequestration of silicone oil in the retina and posterior migration in the optic nerve has been observed in a number of case series. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The presence of an associated inflammatory response has also been documented, characterised by the presence of macrophages and giant cells laden with lipid vacuoles. [14][15][16][17][18][19] The presence of silicone oil in ocular tissue combined with an inflammatory response has been proposed as a potential mechanism for the clinical complications observed after exposure to silicone oil.…”