Forest dieback in a protected area triggers the return of the primeval forest specialist<i>Peltis grossa</i>(Coleoptera, Trogossitidae)

Busse, Annika; Čížek, Lukáš; Čížková, Pavla; Drag, Lukáš; Dvořák, Vladimír; Foit, Jiří; Heurich, Marco; Hubený, Pavel; Kašák, Josef; Kittler, Florian; Kozel, Petr; Lettenmaier, Ludwig; Nigl, Ludwig; Procházka, J; Rothacher, Julia; Straubinger, Cornelia; Thorn, Simon; Müller, Jörg

doi:10.1111/csp2.612

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…It is now known that salvage logging in many cases did not stop the bark beetle outbreak, and it did have a severe impact on biodiversity [83,84]. On the other hand, forest dieback caused by insects in protected areas (such as the Białowie ża Primeval Forest) may lead to the restoration of species typical of the primeval forest [85]. In our work, we proved that under natural conditions in an old mixed forest with spruce, barbastelles will make full use of its roosts in dead or damaged conifers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursery Roosts Used by Barbastelle Bats, Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in European Lowland Mixed Forest Transformed by Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Rachwald

Apoznański

Thor

et al. 2022

Forests

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Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF, approx. 1700 km2) is an important forest area in Europe from the point of view of the protection of natural diversity. BPF is covered with old mixed tree stands of mostly natural origin. Norway spruce is a tree species in BPF and covers approx. 27% of its area. Between 2012 and 2017 a large outbreak of the bark beetle Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) took place in the forest, which transformed the stands and left many dead standing trees. At that time salvage logging had begun but was stopped due to protests by scientists and activists and for legal reasons. As a result of research conducted using a radiotelemetry method in 2020, we found that the Western barbastelle bat Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) chooses nursery roosts in dead Norway spruce trees, showing ecological plasticity by colonizing a newly available resource. Based on this, we found that the Western barbastelle has a preference for a type of roost rather than a tree species. Insect outbreaks in forests of primary, natural, or semi-natural origin are one of the natural factors that shape the habitat. Removal of dead standing trees disrupts these processes, and in this particular case results in the disappearance of a newly appeared ecological niche.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursery Roosts Used by Barbastelle Bats, Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in European Lowland Mixed Forest Transformed by Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Rachwald

Apoznański

Thor

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…The benign neglect of disturbances in protected area management, and thus maintenance or development of spatially diverse landscapes [27], frequently lead to an increase in the diversity of different taxonomic groups [26,28,29]. For instance, higher amounts of deadwood due to unmanaged bark beetle infestations lead to a diversity of invertebrates which includes the survival of many rare and endangered species or even the rediscovering of species specialized on deadwood thought to be already extinct [30,31]. Insects are crucial parts of ecosystems as important elements of the food chain and generate decisive ecosystem services, for instance, due to their pollination effects [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance Severity and Human–Nature Relationships: A New Approach to Analyze People’s Well-Being along a Bark Beetle Infestation Gradient

Kortmann

Angelstam

Mayer

et al. 2022

Forests

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Contact to nature and greenspace is important for emotional well-being and can promote human health. Forest landscapes provide such access to greenspace, especially in protected areas. However, forested protected areas are impacted by natural disturbances such as bark beetle infestations. On the one hand, such disturbances have positive impacts on ecological processes and biodiversity. On the other hand, they have allegedly negative impacts on the recreational value of a landscape. Limited knowledge about the public’s perception of forests subject to natural disturbances still hampers forest management to balance ecological functions and visitors’ recreational experience. Thus, our aim was to determine how attitudes towards nature influence the personal well-being in a naturally disturbed landscape. We investigated self-reported well-being and attitudes towards nature in a standardized questionnaire-based survey of 1008 German inhabitants in an experimentally adapted landscape visualization. Self-reported well-being was generally highest in landscapes with relatively few bark-beetle-killed trees. This was especially the case for people who felt included with nature and preferred an appreciative use or preservation of nature. Conversely, people who had previously visited a national park with visible bark beetle infestations rated their personal well-being highest in landscapes with larger proportions of beetle-killed trees. Our results indicate that it is necessary to analyze people’s knowledge about and relations to forest landscapes as well as concepts of nature conservation, natural landscapes, and biodiversity to gain a better understanding of people’s perceptions of natural disturbances.

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Debarking harvesters simultaneously combat the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) and conserve non‐target beetle diversity

Zarges,

Wohlert,

Kamp

et al. 2024

Ecol Sol and Evidence

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In the face of climate change, the European Spruce Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) breeding predominantly in Norway spruce (Picea abies) led to exceptional amounts of damaged timber in European forests. Up to now, if pest control is applied, damaged or weakened P. abies trees are either extracted by salvage logging or, when quantities are low, made unsuitable for breeding by manual debarking techniques. Both pest control interventions are costly, are often limited by the short timeframe of effectiveness and come with negative impacts on the non‐target biodiversity. As alternatives for timely removal, a debarking head for harvesters for large scale disturbances and a bark gouging device for motor‐manual treatment have been developed in recent years to make breeding material unsuitable for bark beetles and reduce existing larvae. Based on data from an experimental design with infested Norway spruce logs, we show that the harvester debarking head and the motor‐manual bark gouging regulate I. typographus populations efficiently, whereas a conventional harvester did not reduce the emerging bark beetles. Species assemblages of non‐target beetles living in the infested Norway spruce logs were altered from the natural species assemblages in control logs by processing logs with the debarking head or the bark gouging device but not by the conventional harvester. None of the bark treatments reduced non‐target beetle species richness in this experiment. Practical implication. We endorse the debarking head and bark gouging as alternatives to salvage logging and manual debarking. This uncouples pest control from in‐time dependencies on the availability of transport capacities. The debarking head and bark gouging open up the opportunity to retain dead wood biomass in the forest, supporting ecological benefits and conservation goals. Particularly for protected areas these two new management options better balance requirements of pest control and biodiversity conservation.

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Forest dieback in a protected area triggers the return of the primeval forest specialistPeltis grossa(Coleoptera, Trogossitidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Nursery Roosts Used by Barbastelle Bats, Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in European Lowland Mixed Forest Transformed by Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Nursery Roosts Used by Barbastelle Bats, Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in European Lowland Mixed Forest Transformed by Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Disturbance Severity and Human–Nature Relationships: A New Approach to Analyze People’s Well-Being along a Bark Beetle Infestation Gradient

Debarking harvesters simultaneously combat the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) and conserve non‐target beetle diversity

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