Form(ul)ation of adipocytes by lipids

Lapid, Kfir; Graff, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1080/21623945.2017.1299298

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Piezo1 is a transmembrane mechanically gated ion channel that is highly expressed in tissues with high mechanical pressure such as lungs, adipocytes, and blood vessels (14, 35). Adipocytes are under constant mechanical pressure from stored triglycerides inside and from extracellular matrix outside (36, 37). It is therefore not surprising that Piezo1 is highly expressed in adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Piezo1 Regulates Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance

et al. 2019

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Adipocytes function as an energy buffer and undergo significant size and volume changes in response to nutritional cues. This adipocyte plasticity is important for systemic lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Accompanying the adipocyte size and volume changes, the mechanical pressure against cell membrane also changes. However, the role that mechanical pressure plays in lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity remains to be elucidated. Here we show that Piezo1, a mechanically-activated cation channel stimulated by membrane tension and stretch, was highly expressed in adipocytes. Adipose Piezo1 expression was increased in obese mice. Adipose-specific piezo1 knockout mice (adipose-Piezo1 −/− ) developed insulin resistance, especially when challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD). Perigonadal white adipose tissue (pgWAT) weight was reduced while pro-inflammatory and lipolysis genes were increased in the pgWAT of HFD-fed adipose-Piezo1 −/− mice. The adipose-Piezo1 −/− mice also developed hepatic steatosis with elevated expression of fatty acid synthesis genes. In cultured adipocytes, Piezo1 activation decreased, while Piezo1 inhibition elevated pro-inflammatory gene expression. TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 abolished adipocyte inflammation induced by Piezo1 inhibition. Thus, adipose Piezo1 may serve as an adaptive mechanism for adipocyte plasticity restraining pro-inflammatory response in obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Piezo1 Regulates Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance

et al. 2019

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“…Increased intracellular lipid accumulation is a key morphologic characteristic associated with adipogenic differentiation, and is regulated by a well-defined cascade of transcription factors. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) are main regulators 26–28 , with PPARγ being an essential master regulator of the adipogenic differentiation process 27 . Upon activation, these transcription factors induce the upregulation of enzymes responsible for fatty acid biosynthesis, transport and incorporation into triglycerides, the main component of intracellular lipid droplet cores 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) are main regulators 26–28 , with PPARγ being an essential master regulator of the adipogenic differentiation process 27 . Upon activation, these transcription factors induce the upregulation of enzymes responsible for fatty acid biosynthesis, transport and incorporation into triglycerides, the main component of intracellular lipid droplet cores 28 . Proteins that play an important role in fatty acid uptake include CD36 (a fatty acid translocase), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and others 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon activation, these transcription factors induce the upregulation of enzymes responsible for fatty acid biosynthesis, transport and incorporation into triglycerides, the main component of intracellular lipid droplet cores 28 . Proteins that play an important role in fatty acid uptake include CD36 (a fatty acid translocase), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and others 28 . Adipose-derived stromal cells constitutively express low levels of CD36 on their surface, with a sub-population that expresses higher levels of CD36 29,30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Early Rounds of ex vivo Expansion and Cryopreservation on the Adipogenic Differentiation Capacity of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells

Durandt

Dessels

Silva

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Multipotent adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are candidates for use in cellular therapies for the treatment of a variety of conditions/diseases. Ex vivo expansion of freshly isolated ASCs may be necessary prior to clinical application to ensure that clinically relevant cell numbers are administered during treatment. In addition, cryopreserving cells at early passages allows for storage of freshly isolated cells for extended periods of time before expanding these cells for clinical usage. There are however several concerns that these laboratory-based procedures may alter the characteristics of the cells and in so doing decrease their regenerative potential. In this study we report on the impact of early rounds of cryopreservation (P0) and ex vivo expansion (P0 to P5) on the phenotypic characteristics and adipogenic differentiation potential of ASCs. Our results show that ASCs that upregulate CD36 expression during adipogenic differentiation gradually decrease with increasing expansion rounds. The consequent decrease in adipogenic differentiation capacity was evident in both gene expression and flow cytometry-based phenotypic studies. Successive rounds of expansion did not however alter cell surface marker expression of the cells. We also show that early cryopreservation of ASCs (at P0) does not affect the adipogenic differentiation potential of the cells.

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“…Over-abundance of some specific lipids, including LPC in FF might determine the quality of the enclosed oocyte in human [ 44 ]. Interestingly, lower LPC concentrations in human adipocytes were associated with some pathologies, as an obesity [ 45 ], which affects fertility. LPCs are associated to activate several second messengers, including extracellular-signal-regulated kinases and protein kinase C [ 46 ], which are involved in the regulation of follicular development and oocyte maturation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Revealed Significant Lipid Variations in Follicular Fluid and Somatic Follicular Cells but Not in Enclosed Oocytes between the Large Dominant and Small Subordinate Follicles in Bovine Ovary

Bertevello

Teixeira-Gomes

Labas

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Lipid metabolism in ovarian follicular cells supports the preparation of an enclosed oocyte to ovulation. We aimed to compare lipid composition of a dominant large follicle (LF) and subordinated small follicles (SFs) within the same ovaries. Mass spectrometry imaging displayed the differences in the distribution of several lipid features between the different follicles. Comparison of lipid fingerprints between LF and SF by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry revealed that in the oocytes, only 8 out of 468 detected lipids (1.7%) significantly changed their abundance (p < 0.05, fold change >2). In contrast, follicular fluid (FF), granulosa, theca and cumulus cells demonstrated 55.5%, 14.9%, 5.3% and 9.8% of significantly varied features between LF and SF, respectively. In total, 25.2% of differential lipids were identified and indicated potential changes in membrane and signaling lipids. Tremendous changes in FF lipid composition were likely due to the stage specific secretions from somatic follicular cells that was in line with the differences observed from FF extracellular vesicles and gene expression of candidate genes in granulosa and theca cells between LF and SF. In addition, lipid storage in granulosa and theca cells varied in relation to follicular size and atresia. Differences in follicular cells lipid profiles between LF and SF may probably reflect follicle atresia degree and/or accumulation of appropriate lipids for post-ovulation processes as formation of corpus luteum. In contrast, the enclosed oocyte seems to be protected during final follicular growth, likely due in part to significant lipid transformations in surrounding cumulus cells. Therefore, the enclosed oocyte could likely keep lipid building blocks and energy resources to support further maturation and early embryo development.

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Form(ul)ation of adipocytes by lipids

Cited by 20 publications

References 57 publications

Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Piezo1 Regulates Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance

Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Piezo1 Regulates Diet-Induced Adipose Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance

The Effect of Early Rounds of ex vivo Expansion and Cryopreservation on the Adipogenic Differentiation Capacity of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Revealed Significant Lipid Variations in Follicular Fluid and Somatic Follicular Cells but Not in Enclosed Oocytes between the Large Dominant and Small Subordinate Follicles in Bovine Ovary

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