Formaldehyde Finishing

Jones, Brian W.; Turner, James D.; Snyder, Lee G.; Luparello, Diane O.

doi:10.1177/004051758205200210

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…3 Because formaldehyde has many advantages as a crosslinking agent, including low chemical cost and high finish durability, formaldehyde processes are usually used for continuous processing of fabric. 4 It leds to formaldehyde being the main air pollution gas in the car, which is extremely harmful to human health. In 2004, the International Center for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified formaldehyde as a first-class carcinogen.…”

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The influence of formaldehyde removal finishing on fogging characteristics and properties of polyester fabrics

Chun-xiao

Jiang

2022

Textile Research Journal

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The air quality in the vehicle indoor microenvironment has been of particular public concern because of its harmful effect on the human body. The volatile and semivolatile organic compounds in the vehicle indoor air can condense onto the cooler surface of the windshield, potentially creating a visibility and safety problem for the driver. This paper aimed to prepare multifunctional polyester fabrics with formaldehyde removal properties and low fogging degrees. The formaldehyde removal finishing of polyester fabrics was carried out with different formaldehyde removal agents using the pad-dry-cure method. The influence of formaldehyde removal finishing on the formaldehyde removal efficiency, fogging degree and some related performances of polyester fabrics are studied. The results show that the fogging degree increased (lower than standard values: 2 mg) after finishing with formaldehyde removal agents FK-1, FK-2, FK-3, FK-5, and FK-6. The formaldehyde removal rate of polyester fabrics after finishing was above 75%, and the performances of water repellence, softening behavior, color fastness were maintained. Our approach provides an easy method for use in vehicle indoor air purification systems and the finished fabrics can be applied to various applications such as home, automobile, office, and industry.

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confidence: 99%

The influence of formaldehyde removal finishing on fogging characteristics and properties of polyester fabrics

Chun-xiao

Jiang

2022

Textile Research Journal

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Textiles, Finishing

Calamari

Harper

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Textile finishing includes various efforts to improve the properties of textile fabrics, whether for apparel, home, or other end uses. In particular, these processes are directed toward modifying either the fiber characteristics themselves or the gross textile end properties. Such modifications may be chemical or mechanical in nature. One modification that is not covered in this article relates to the dyeing of textiles and the dyestuffs employed for fibers; however, areas that involve chemical finishing designed to modify the normal dye receptivity and the growing use of enzyme treatments are included.Fibers have been used by humans for thousands of years, but only in the twentieth century has there been such an explosion in fiber types available to the textile manufacturer. The advent of synthetic fibers possessing improved resiliency and dimensional stability has placed natural fibers, particularly cotton (qv), at an ostensible disadvantage. Before synthetics, various means to control the shrinkage, dimensional stability, and smooth-dry performance of cotton had been investigated, but the appearance of synthetics such as polyester has placed a greater sense of urgency on cotton interests to focus on the perceived deficiencies of natural fibers.Textile finishing encompasses a broad range of approaches and may be directed toward needed properties such as shrinkage control or smooth-dry performance or toward developing properties for specific end uses such as flame retardance, soil release, smolder resistance, weather resistance, or control of static charges.From a historical point of view, mechanical finishing processes have been directed toward improving shrink resistance via compressive shrinkage (Sanforized process) or calender finishing to give surface effects, which include shreinering, chintz finishing, and embossing. These latter effects are semidurable, and can be made more permanent by cross-linking with resins. However, such cross-linked fabrics seem to suffer greater loss in tearing strength when cross-linked in the calendered state. The need for calendered fabrics has decreased with the advent of cross-linked cotton, but compressive shrinkage to control garment shrinkage remains a significant component in textile mill practice, particularly for products that receive little or no resin treatments.For fabrics of thermoplastic fibers, permanent effects are obtainable if heat and pressure are applied to soften the material. Processes dealing with carpets, nonwovens, and chemical modifications or additions that occur before the fiber is formed are not discussed herein (see Nonwoven fabrics).

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Determination of Cotton-Bound Glyoxal via an Internal Cannizzaro Reaction by Means of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Schramm

Rinderer

2000

Anal. Chem.

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Glyoxal, a non-formaldehyde cross-linking agent, was applied in combination with aluminum sulfate hexadecahydrate to impart durable-press properties to cellulosic materials. The cotton fabric was impregnated with a pad bath formulation containing 6% (w/w) glyoxal and 4.5% (w/w) aluminum sulfate hexadecahydrate. The curing process was conducted at 140 degrees C for 3 min, thus affecting a cross-linkage between the cellulose chains. For the first time, a chromatographic method is presented that enables both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the portion of glyoxal that has reacted with the cellulosic material. For this purpose, the glyoxal-treated fabric was treated with an NaOH solution (c = 4 mol L(-1)) at 100 degrees C for 20 min. As a result, glyoxal was extracted from the cellulosic sample and converted into glycolate via an internal Cannizzaro reaction. Subsequently, the glycolate was analyzed chromatographically using the strong cation-exchange column Aminex HPX-87H as the stationary phase and sulfuric acid as the mobile phase. The detection limit was 1.87 mg L(-1) (UV detection). The recovery was 85%. Dry crease wrinkle recovery measurements gave evidence that the cross-linkage was removed completely. The application of the analytical technique developed in the present study demonstrated that the amount of glyoxal that had reacted with the cellulose was 15.7 +/- 0.72 mg/g of fabric. In addition, glycolate thus formed was well separated from non-formaldehyde durable-press finishing agents based on polycarboxylic acids such as 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid or citric acid.

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Formaldehyde Finishing

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

The influence of formaldehyde removal finishing on fogging characteristics and properties of polyester fabrics

The influence of formaldehyde removal finishing on fogging characteristics and properties of polyester fabrics

Textiles, Finishing

Determination of Cotton-Bound Glyoxal via an Internal Cannizzaro Reaction by Means of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

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