SynopsisAcetals that react with cotton to form cellulose crosslinks are derived from dialdehydes that can form five-or six-membered tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrop-wan rings. These aldehydes themselves are reactive to cotton, but the acetals do not form the aldehyde to react. The acetals were less reactive than the aldehydes and formed crosslinks with a different structure. Intrinsic reactivity of acetals increased with increased branching in the alkoxy group, hut the increase was often hidden by the effect from changing solvents. In some instances a greater reactivity with methyl acetals was pronounced. Strength loss in cotton fabric from crosslinking was greater with acetals than with conventional crosslinking agents because even the most reactive acetals were less reactive and required more rigorous reaction conditions than conventional agents.

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Equilibrium data are presented for the adsorption of permanent gases and C , and C z hydrocarbons on Linde 4A synthetic zeolite from 50 "C down to the boiling point of the adsorbate or to a temperature at which the rate was very slow. The Freundlich equation often fits isotherms accurately; however, these lincar logarithmic plots secnl to be only portions of a more general non-linear relationship. Generallzcd Polanyi plots did not yield a ilniquc characteristic curve for individual adsorbates at different temperatures nor for groups of adsorbates; nevertheless, these plots are useful in estimating the relative strength of adsorption of gases. Ar, 0 2 , CH*, and C2HG wcre the least strongly adsorbed, followed in order of increasing strength by N,, CO, CO,, and C2H2. Ethylene was strongly but anomalously adsorbed. For the gases studied, the quadrupole moment seems to be the principal factor determining strong adsorption.

Cotton wrapped polyester core yams produced on a modified ring spinning frame were compared with yams spun from staple fiber blends. The yams contained ap proximately 70% cotton and 30% polyester. Yarns and fabrics made from both regular and high tenaeity polyesters were evaluated. Fabrics produced from the core yams were stronger and more durable than those of the staple blends, and they maintained their superiority in these properties through wet processing and resin .finishing. Other advantages of the core-yam fabrics included better cover and abrasion resistance.

SynopsisThe relative effectiveness of several aldehydes in crosslinking cellulose of cotton fabric was determined using a pad-dry-cure treatment and a treatment by immersion in a solution at room temperature. Aldehydes ranked in the same order of ability to crosslink in both treatments. Factors related to crosslinking ability are discussed. The aldehydes crosslinking to the greater extent hydrated readily in water because the aldehyde group was activated or because cyclic hydrates could be formed.