Formation and development of embryo and endosperm in intra- and inter-specific crosses of Asparagus officinalis and A. densiflorus cv. Sprengeri

Marcellán, Olga; Camadro, Elsa Lucila

doi:10.1016/s0304-4238(98)00255-6

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Another possibility is the union of unreduced 2 n gametes from diploid cultivated types with normal gametes 2 n from wild tetraploid that would give rise to tetraploid plants. Tetraploid plants have been found in fields of diploid garden asparagus through the formation of unreduced gametes (Marcellan & Camadro, 1999). Furthermore, in MH, different ploidy levels have been reported (Castañon & Schoroeder, 2001; Moreno et al , 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of tetraploid cultivated asparagus landraces inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers’ polymorphisms

Moreno¹,

Espejo²,

Cabrera³

et al. 2008

Annals of Applied Biology

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The genus Asparagus includes a group of wild species that are closely related to the cultivated Asparagus officinalis (2n = 2Â = 20). The narrow genetic background present in the asparagus cultivars shows the importance of asparagus landraces and the wild related species. The study of both genetic resources becomes necessary to facilitate their effective use in the breeding programmes. 'Morado de Huetor' (MH) and 'Violetto d'Albenga' (VA) are tetraploid asparagus landraces (2n = 4Â = 40) cultivated in Spain and Italy, respectively, and whose origin remains unknown. To discover the origin of these landraces, a phylogenetic study was conducted based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA). The sequence of the two internal transcribed spacers (ITS) flanking the nrDNA5.8S gene (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) were analysed for RFLP in 11 populations including both landraces (MH and VA), A. officinalis (wild and cultivated) and a group of closely related wild species (Asparagus maritimus, Asparagus prostratus, Asparagus pseudoscaber and Asparagus tenuifolius) with a European distribution. Restriction fragment patterns of both cultivated asparagus (2Â) and two populations of A. maritimus (6Â) from the Adriatic Sea area were present in the MH landrace. However, VA showed a similar pattern to A. officinalis. This study revealed that MH seems to be a hybrid between A. officinalis and A. maritimus that may have occurred in the Adriatic Sea region where hybridisations between cultivated diploid and wild species may have taken place. The origin of another tetraploid landrace (VA) might have had a similar origin but followed a different evolutionary path. Therefore, these landraces constitute a valuable genetic resource that could be used to enlarge the genetic background of modern cultivars. The ploidy levels of the populations employed in this study were analysed and levels not described previously were detected: A. maritimus (12Â), A. tenuifolius (6Â) and A. pseudoscaber (2Â).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some attempts have been made to introgress fusarium resistance, from A. densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop cv. Springeri to A. officinalis , but these efforts have been largely unsuccessful (Marcellan & Camadro, 1996, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of tetraploid cultivated asparagus landraces inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers’ polymorphisms

Moreno¹,

Espejo²,

Cabrera³

et al. 2008

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…In some other interspecific hybridizations, crossability is also the major barrier. For example, hybrid embryo formed after fertilization but failed to normally develop and eventually abort at the early globular stage, such as hybrids between Vigna unguiculata and V. vexillata (Barone et al 1992), pearl millet and its wild species (Marchais and Tostain 1997), Asparagus officinalis and A. densiflorus (Marcellan and Camadro 1999), Brassica rapa and B. nigra (Sumangala and Sarla 2004), and Cicer arietinum and its related annual wild species (Ahmad and Slinkard 2004). It was also reported between inter‐genus hybridization such as O .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossability Barriers in the Interspecific Hybridization between Oryza sativa and O. meyeriana

Liu

et al. 2008

JIPB

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Oryza meyeriana Baill (GG genome) is a precious germplasm in the tertiary gene pool of cultivated rice (AA genome), and possesses important traits such as resistance and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, interspecific crossability barrier, a critical bottleneck restricting genes transfer from O. meyeriana to cultivars has led to no hybrids through conventional reproduction. Therefore, the reasons underlying incrossability were investigated in the present report. The results showed that: (i) at 3-7 d after pollination (DAP), many hybrid embryos degenerated at the earlier globular-shaped stage, and could not develop into the later pear-shaped stage. Meanwhile, free endosperm nuclei started to degenerate at 1 DAP, and cellular endosperm could not form at 3 DAP, leading to nutrition starvation for young embryo development; (ii) at 11-13 DAP, almost all hybrid ovaries aborted. Even though 72.22% of hybrid young embryos were produced in the interspecific hybridization between O. sativa and O. meyeriana, young embryos were not able to further develop into hybrid plantlets via culturing in vitro. The main reason for the incrossability was hybrid embryo inviability, presenting as embryo development stagnation and degeneration since 3 DAP. Some possible approaches to overcome the crossability barriers in the interspecific hybridization between O. sativa and O. meyeriana are discussed.Key words: crossability; embryo development; interspecific hybridization; Oryza sativa; O. meyeriana. Oryza meyeriana (2n = 24, GG genome) is one of the non-AA genome wild species in the Oryza genus, belonging to the tertiary gene pool of cultivated rice (Bellon et al. 1999). It grows in gray sand, alluvium, laterite soil in full shade and is insensitive to photoperiod (Duncan 1994). O. meyeriana possesses many important characteristics, such as resistance to rice blast, bacterial blight and sheath blight, tolerance to drought, shade, cold and barren soil, and adaptation to aerobic soil, which are absent in cultivated rice (Peng et al. 1982; Duncan 1994; Zhang et al. 1994; Bellon et al. 1999; Gong et al. 2000; Feng et al. 2002; Ding et al. 2006). Therefore, O. meyeriana is considered a precious genetic resource for cultivated rice breeding. Received 14 Dec. 2007 Accepted 13 Mar. 2008 Supported by the Guangdong Provincial Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation (021037), Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (7301008).* Author for correspondence. Obtaining interspecific hybrids is a prerequisite for introgressing alien genes from the wild species to the cultivated one. In the Oryza genus, through interspecific hybridization combined with embryo rescue techniques, several valuable genes, such as resistance genes for brown planthopper, whitebacked planthopper, bacterial blight and blast, have been successfully transferred into cultivated rice from non-AA genome wild species including O. officinalis (Jena and Khush 1990; Jena et al. 1992; Huang et al. 2001), O. minuta (AmanteBordeos et al. 1992; ...

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“…Recently, Stajner et al (2002) have reported two populations of A. maritimus as hexaploid, possibly populations with different ploid levels (4· or 6·) could be found in these species. Tetraploid plants have been also found in fields of diploid cultivated asparagus (Marcellan and Camadro 1999). Castan˜on and Schroeder (2001) reported two probably pentaploid plants in 'Morado de Huetor' using flow cytometry analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ploidic and Molecular Analysis of ‘Morado de Huetor’ Asparagus (Asparagus officinale L.) Population; A Spanish Tetraploid Landrace

Moreno

Espejo²,

Cabrera

et al. 2005

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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A study has been conducted into the genetic variation analysis of the tetraploid asparagus landrace 'Morado de Huetor' and its relationship with current commercial cultivars using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers. The presence of different ploidic levels in the 'Morado de Huetor' landrace has been also studied using cytogenetic analysis. Ten decamer oligonucleotides were used to obtain RAPD markers and to characterise 52 individuals of 'Morado de Huetor', 7 of the tetraploid cultivar 'Purple Passion', and 55 of 5 diploid hybrid commercial cultivars. Jaccard similarity index was calculated and a cluster analysis using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic Average) was performed. Tetraploid asparagus, 'Morado de Huetor' and 'Purple Passion', were well differentiated from the diploid ones showing a higher genetic variability. This result suggests a different origin for tetraploid and diploid asparagus varieties. Within the diploid cultivars a variety distribution was obtained. A specific monomorphic band (OPB20 883 ) was found in tetraploid varieties. Within the diploid cultivars, two bands (OPB20 830 , OPC15 705 ) can be used to distinguish between the hybrid cultivars used in this study. Tri-, penta-, hexa-, and octoploid plants were found in 'Morado de Huetor'. The origin of these ploidic levels is discussed and their use in the development of new varieties is proposed. In conclusion, 'Morado de Huetor' is a genetic resource that could be used to increase the narrow genetic background reported in diploid asparagus cultivars.

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Formation and development of embryo and endosperm in intra- and inter-specific crosses of Asparagus officinalis and A. densiflorus cv. Sprengeri

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Origin of tetraploid cultivated asparagus landraces inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers’ polymorphisms

Origin of tetraploid cultivated asparagus landraces inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers’ polymorphisms

Crossability Barriers in the Interspecific Hybridization between Oryza sativa and O. meyeriana

Ploidic and Molecular Analysis of ‘Morado de Huetor’ Asparagus (Asparagus officinale L.) Population; A Spanish Tetraploid Landrace

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