2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2009.09.002
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Formation and its mechanism of copper metal layers at surface by annealing in reduced atmosphere in CuO–Li2O–Nb2O5–SiO2 glass

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Cited by 11 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Lots of research has been carried out on borosilicate glasses due to their wide applications as electrodes, sealants, planar optical wave-guides, optical lenses and glass fibers [1][2][3][4]. As compared to the borosilicate glasses, the phosphate glasses remain amorphous even after accommodating higher concentrations of transition ions [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lots of research has been carried out on borosilicate glasses due to their wide applications as electrodes, sealants, planar optical wave-guides, optical lenses and glass fibers [1][2][3][4]. As compared to the borosilicate glasses, the phosphate glasses remain amorphous even after accommodating higher concentrations of transition ions [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…But most of doped Cu 2+ ions easily precipitate on glass surface as Cu metal by reduced heat treatment. 48) In the growth of LN single crystals, the preferred growth directions are a and c directions. In the writing of β -BBO and Ba2TiX2O8 (X = Ge and Si) by laser irradiations, we obtained only c-axis grown lines.…”
Section: Jcs-japanmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These can be elucidated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The copper species in the glass matrix are varied from Cu, Cu(I) and Cu(II) depending on the glass composition [4][5][6] and condition for preparing glass (oxidative or reductive process) [7][8][9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%