Formation and Maintenance Mechanisms of the Subseasonal Eastern Pacific Pattern: Energetics Analysis

Wang, Miao; Tan, Benkui

doi:10.1029/2021ea001851

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Surprisingly, this term demonstrates negative values for both positive and negative NAO events, regardless of the projected levels. This characteristic differs from previous studies that find the term G as a major source of EKE growth for some teleconnection patterns (e.g., Wang & Tan, 2021; Zhou et al, 2012). Therefore, further investigation into the G term is required to understand the physical mechanisms during the evolution of teleconnection patterns.…”

Section: Summary and Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…To diagnose the daily energetics changes associated with the evolution of the NAO, we perform a budget analysis for the daily energy conversion terms using a set of energy tendency equations derived from the momentum and thermodynamic energy equations. The equations are derived in Zhuge and Tan (2021) and have been widely used to investigate the daily energy budget for the atmospheric teleconnection pattern (e.g., Sun et al, 2021; Wang & Tan, 2021). They differ slightly from the equations used in monthly energy budgets (Kim et al, 2021; Tanaka et al, 2016), which filter out the interactions between eddies except for high–high‐frequency eddy interactions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase dependence of growth mechanisms in the daily energetics of the North Atlantic Oscillation

Kim,

Sung,

Yoo

2024

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a dominant atmospheric variability in the Northern Hemisphere that has a substantial impact on weather and climate on various time scales. Here, we investigate the role of energy conversion terms day‐by‐day during the NAO life cycle. The relative timing and contribution of the energy conversion terms are quantified by projecting the terms onto the eddy total energy, eddy kinetic energy (EKE), and eddy available potential energy (EAPE) patterns associated with the NAO. The results show a remarkable phase dependence in the growth and maintenance mechanisms. For positive NAOs, the initial growth is driven by the barotropic interactions between the eddies propagating over North America. This suggests that a non‐local growth mechanism plays an important role in the initiation of positive NAOs. In contrast, it is the baroclinic processes that initiate negative NAOs. The conversion of the mean APE into the EAPE and then into the EKE, processes which include eddy heat fluxes and vertical motions, results in the relatively local growth of negative NAOs. During the mature phase, the largest source of energy is the conversion of the mean APE into EAPE. Part of this is converted to EKE, making a substantial contribution to the maintenance of the EKE. This process is particularly important for negative NAOs.

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Section: Summary and Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase dependence of growth mechanisms in the daily energetics of the North Atlantic Oscillation

Kim,

Sung,

Yoo

2024

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…Ref. [10] examined the formation and maintenance mechanisms of the sub-seasonal eastern Pacific pattern from an energetics perspective. Their results showed that both the baroclinic and the barotropic energy conversions act as major kinetic energy (KE) contributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Detailed Limited-Area Atmospheric Energy Cycle for Climate and Weather Studies

Ngueto,

Laprise,

Nikiéma

2024

Atmosphere

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Lorenz’ seminal work on global atmospheric energetics improved our understanding of the general circulation. With the advent of Regional Climate Models (RCMs), it is important to have a limited-area energetic budget available that is applicable for both weather and climate, analogous to Lorenz’ global atmospheric energetics. A regional-scale energetic budget is obtained in this study by applying Reynolds decomposition rules to quadratic forms of the kinetic energy K and the available enthalpy A, to obtain time mean and time deviation contributions. According to the employed definition, the time mean energy contributions are decomposed in a component associated with the time-averaged atmospheric state and a component due to the time-averaged statistics of transient eddies; these contributions are suitable for the study of the climate over a region of interest. Energy fluctuations (the deviations of instantaneous energies from their climate value) that are appropriate for weather studies are split into quadratic and linear contributions. The sum of all the contributions returns exactly to the total primitive kinetic energy and available enthalpy equations.

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The British–Okhotsk Corridor Pattern and Its Linkage to the Silk Road Pattern

Wang

Dong

et al. 2022

Journal of Climate

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Based on observation and reanalysis datasets, numerical experiments with a simple dynamical model, and climate model outputs, this study investigates the second leading waveguide teleconnection along the summer polar front jet (PFJ) over Eurasia on the interannual timescale, the British-Okhotsk Corridor (BOC) pattern. The BOC pattern explains 20.8% of the total variance over northern Eurasia, which is only slightly lower than the first leading teleconnection, the British-Baikal Corridor pattern. It consists of four zonally oriented action centers over the British Isles, western Russia, northern Siberia, and the Okhotsk. It is primarily confined to northern Eurasia and leads to wave-like temperature and precipitation anomalies along its routine. Besides, it is occasionally coupled to the dominant waveguide teleconnection along the subtropical jet (STJ), the Silk Road pattern (SRP). A bifurcated wave-like pattern appears over Eurasia when the coupling is strong, with two branches of waves over the PFJ and the STJ, respectively. The fluctuations of the BOC-SRP linkage play a profound role in shaping the dominant climate variability modes over Eurasia. Numerical experiments with a simple dynamical model suggest that the basic flow cannot directly influence the BOC-SRP linkage by affecting the propagation condition of Rossby waves. Nevertheless, the basic flow can indirectly influence the linkage by changing the exciting locations of the BOC pattern through modulating the wave-mean flow interaction at the exit of the Atlantic jet stream. The climate model INMCM4.0 can reproduce the observed BOC-SRP linkage and its time-varying characteristics, supporting the observation and the proposed mechanism.

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Formation and Maintenance Mechanisms of the Subseasonal Eastern Pacific Pattern: Energetics Analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Phase dependence of growth mechanisms in the daily energetics of the North Atlantic Oscillation

Phase dependence of growth mechanisms in the daily energetics of the North Atlantic Oscillation

A Detailed Limited-Area Atmospheric Energy Cycle for Climate and Weather Studies

The British–Okhotsk Corridor Pattern and Its Linkage to the Silk Road Pattern

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