Formation and Success of New Parties

Harmel, Robert; Robertson, Janet

doi:10.1177/019251218500600408

Cited by 243 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has been commonly assumed or concluded that the demand for new parties is related to social heterogeneity, social or value change in a country, or the rise of new issues inadequately represented by established parties (see Harmel & Robertson 1985, Hauss & Rayside 1978, Müller-Rommel 2002, Kitschelt 1988, Hug 1996). Ferdinand Müller-Rommel's review of Hug (2001) underscores the point: 'we know that new parties emerge primarily because old parties have failed to absorb new issues into their agendas and programmes ' (2002: 741).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Newness as a winning formula for new political parties

2011

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Abstract. Previous studies on new political parties have assumed that they either represent new or ignored cleavages or issues, or emerge in order to cleanse an ideology deficiently represented by an existing party. Four highly successful parties analysed in this article manifestly fail to comply with these assumptions. The article proposes a parsimonious two-dimensional typology of new parties refining the one suggested by Lucardie (2000), incorporating a new type of parties based on the project of newness. We show that the four parties analysed fall into the latter category as they fought on the ideological territory of existing parties yet did not attempt to purify an ideology. It is argued that newness has been an appealing project for new and rejuvenating parties everywhere and the experiences from new democracies should be taken seriously also by those working on established democracies.

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confidence: 99%

Newness as a winning formula for new political parties

2011

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“…As Duverger's Law asserts, multiple, smaller parties are more common where electoral structures do not penalize them; district magnitude, electoral formula, and the size of legislature lower the barriers to entry for small parties and are generally recognized as the most significant factors determining the number of parties in a system (see Harmel and Robertson 1985;Hug 2001;Lijphart 1994;Salmond 2006;Taagepera and Shugart 1989;Tavits 2008). Thus, I hypothesize that women's parties are more likely to emerge where these structural features suggest greater opportunity for larger numbers of parties in general.…”

Section: Theory/hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's Political Parties in Europe

Cowell-Meyers

2016

Pol & Gen

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In representative democracies, political parties organize the public will, giving expression to political differences in society (see Katz and Mair 1995; Klingemann, Hofferbert, and Budge 1994; Sartori 1967). Parties can also deepen democracy by broadening the connections between representatives and constituents, helping to hold political institutions accountable and increasing the participation of previously marginalized groups (see Costain 2005; Kitschelt 1993; Shugart 1994; Kittilson and Tate 2005; Young 2000).

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“…The structural conditions of the emergence and success of new parties is an established field of political party research (Harmel and Robertson, 1985;Ignazi 1996;Tavits, 2006;Bolleyer and Bytzek, 2013). In the case of movement or new politics parties, the presence of a strong social movement is also regarded as a structural condition, which facilitates the emergence of parties (Kitschelt, 1989;Kaelberer, 1998;Burchell, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing movements, evolving parties: the party-oriented structure of the Hungarian radical right and alternative movement

Mikecz

2015

Intersections

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Two parties gained seats in the Hungarian parliament for the first time in the general elections of 2010. Both of these parties had a strong movement background, which seemed to be more obvious in the case of the radical right Jobbik, but the green LMP party also had strong ties to the Hungarian alternative movement. In this article I analyze the structural changes of the movements, which resulted in the dominance of the party-oriented structure. First, I look at the transformation of these movements from the democratic transition in 1989 until the 2010 elections. In the second part of the article I analyze the national context structure, the external environment of the movements. I conclude that in case of the green-alternative movement the new electoral opportunities, the shortcomings of political consultation and the lack of strong allies favored the party-oriented structure. For the radical right movement the expanded access to the party system, the ineffective policy implementation capacity of the state and the repression by the authorities pushed the movement's structure to the party-oriented model.

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Formation and Success of New Parties

Cited by 243 publications

References 14 publications

Newness as a winning formula for new political parties

Newness as a winning formula for new political parties

Women's Political Parties in Europe

Changing movements, evolving parties: the party-oriented structure of the Hungarian radical right and alternative movement

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