Formation and use of coal combustion residues from three types of power plants burning Illinois coals

Demir, Ilham; Hughes, Robert; DeMaris, Philip J.

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(01)00028-x

Cited by 78 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The national average proportion of installed capacity for pulverized-coal boilers, fluidized-bed combustion furnaces, and stoker-fired boilers are approximately 83.3%, 12.9%, and 3.8% by , respectively (ECCPSY, 2009. Some researchers, abroad and domestic (Demir et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2006;Meij et al, 2002;Wang et al, 1996Wang et al, , 2010Zhang et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2008;Zhu et al, 2002), have investigated the Hg release rate for different types of boilers. Zhang et al (2008) and Wang et al (2010) conducted field tests of Hg emission at 12 coal-fired power plants in China and they found the over 99% of Hg in coals will evaporated into flue gas.…”

Section: Release Rate Of Hg For Combustion Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang et al (2008) and Wang et al (2010) conducted field tests of Hg emission at 12 coal-fired power plants in China and they found the over 99% of Hg in coals will evaporated into flue gas. Here, we adopt the arithmetic mean value of the Hg release ratio for different types of utility boilers reported in available literature (Demir et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2006;Meij et al, 2002;Wang et al, 1996Wang et al, , 2010Zhang et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2008;Zhu et al, 2002), and we assume that the averaged release ratio of Hg is about 99.4% for pulverizedcoal boilers, about 83.2% for stoker-fired boilers, and approximately 98.9% for fluidized-bed combustion boilers, respectively.…”

Section: Release Rate Of Hg For Combustion Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies indicate that Hg removal efficiency of FFs varies from 58% to 90%, whereas that of wet scrubbers and cyclones is very low (Helble, 2000;Meij and te Henk, 2007;Pavlish et al, 2003;Wang and Zhang, 2009). In this study, we adopt the arithmetic mean value of the field test Hg removal efficiency reported in available literature (Afonso and Senior, 2001;Brekke et al, 1995;Chu and Porcella, 1995;Demir et al, 2001;Helble, 2000;Lee et al, 2006;Meij and te Henk, 2007;Meij et al, 2002;Pavlish et al, 2003;Srivastava et al, 2006;Tian et al, 2010;Wang et al, 1996Wang et al, , 2010Wang and Zhang, 2009;Yi et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2008;Zhu et al, 2002), and the average co-benefit removal efficiency of Hg by ESPs, FFs, wet scrubbers, and cyclones are assumed to be about 32.3%, 67.9%, 15.2%, and 6.0%, respectively.…”

Section: Removal Efficiency Of Hg Through Particulate Matter (Pm) Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scrubbing process in WFGD system is capable to transfer Hg in flue gas into the slurry, especially for the oxidized Hg and fine particle Hg. In recent years, there have been some investigations on the removal effects of trace elements by different types of SO 2 control device configuration, and the tested removal efficiency varied substantially from 15% to 80% (Afonso and Senior, 2001;Chu and Porcella, 1995;Demir et al, 2001;Díaz-Somoano et al, 2007;Fahlike and Bursik, 1995;Helble, 2000;Lee et al, 2006;Meij and te Henk, 2007;Meij et al, 2002;Nelson et al, 2010;Park et al, 2008;Pavlish et al, 2003;Renninger et al, 2004;Senior et al, 2000;Srivastava et al, 2006;Wang et al, 1996Wang et al, , 2010Wang and Zhang, 2009;Yi et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2008;Zhu et al, 2002). For example, Wang et al (2010) report that the Hg removal efficiency of WFGD of six coal-fired power plants in China is in the range of 15.3-79.2%, with an average of about 51.8%.…”

Section: Removal Efficiency Of Hg Through Particulate Matter (Pm) Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control strategies of atmospheric mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants in China

Tian

Cheng

et al. 2012

j air waste manag assoc

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Atmospheric mercury (Hg) emission from coal is one of the primary sources of anthropogenic discharge and pollution. China is one of the few countries in the world whose coal consumption constitutes about 70% of total primary energy, and over half of coals are burned directly for electricity generation. Atmospheric emissions of Hg and its speciation from coal-fired power plants are of great concern owing to their negative impacts on regional human health and ecosystem risks, as well as long-distance transport. In this paper, recent trends of atmospheric Hg emissions and its species split from coal-fired power plants in China during the period of 2000-2007 are evaluated, by integrating each plant's coal consumption and emission factors, which are classified by different subcategories of boilers, particulate matter (PM) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) control devices. Our results show that the total Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants have begun to decrease from the peak value of 139.19 t in 2005 to 134.55 t in 2007, though coal consumption growing steadily from 1213.8 to 1532.4 Mt, which can be mainly attributed to the co-benefit Hg reduction by electrostatic precipitators/fabric filters (ESPs/FFs) and wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD), especially the sharp growth in installation of WFGD both in the new and existing power plants since 2005. In the coming 12th five-year-plan, more and more plants will be mandated to install De-NO x (nitrogen oxides) systems (mainly selective catalytic reduction [SCR] and selective noncatalytic reduction [SNCR]) for minimizing NO x emission, thus the specific Hg emission rate per ton of coal will decline further owing to the much higher co-benefit removal efficiency by the combination of SCR þ ESPs/FFs þ WFGD systems. Consequently, SCR þ ESPs/FFs þ WFGD configuration will be the main path to abate Hg discharge from coal-fired power plants in China in the near future. However, advanced specific Hg removal technologies are necessary for further reduction of elemental Hg discharge in the long term.Implications: Controlling of atmospheric Hg discharge from coal-fired power plants have aroused great concerns for its adverse impacts on regional environment and human health risks, as well as long-distance transportation. It is of great significance for Chinese decision makers to be aware of the current status of Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants, so that the regulations and policies regarding Hg abatement can be made that are cost-effective and feasible implementation. This study provides the recent trend of atmospheric Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants, and accordingly proposes the preliminary comprehensive Hg control strategies suggestion in the future, which will be helpful for relevant policy making to minimize the harmful risks on environment and human health in China.

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Section: Release Rate Of Hg For Combustion Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Release Rate Of Hg For Combustion Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Removal Efficiency Of Hg Through Particulate Matter (Pm) Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Removal Efficiency Of Hg Through Particulate Matter (Pm) Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Control strategies of atmospheric mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants in China

Tian

Cheng

et al. 2012

j air waste manag assoc

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show abstract

“…This is due to the reason that although Fly ash and Bottom ash are obtained from the same source their physical and phase properties are different. Fly ash consists of fine spherical particles whereas Bottom ash as obtained has angular fragments and less spherical particles with less glassy constituent phase [13,14]. Hence, Bottom ash has cannot be used as such and has to be grinded to increase the surface area and reactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%