Formation by optimal on Pareto resolve of the problems of ground-based failure in conditions of seismic danger

Abstract

From 2000 to 2009, natural disasters damaged and destroyed about one million objects, which directly affected nearly 2.5 billion people worldwide. Increasing seismic activity in the Vrancea and Black Sea regions, as well as on the planet as a whole, has led to an increase in seismic hazard throughout Ukraine. Ukraine (and not only the Carpathian and Crimean regions, as it was previously thought) is a zone where potentially possible earthquakes, and quite strong. In areas with weakened soils, 7-8-ball effects can be observed. For a long time, during the course of the twentieth century and until now, seismic security of construction in the territory of Ukraine is mainly associated with regional estimates of seismicity, which, according to the results of researches of specialists of the Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and others, correlated with so-called seismically active zones, mountain structures of Crimea and the Carpathians and the foothills. According to the estimates of the departments of the State Geological Survey of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Regional Development and Building and other 70% of the territory of Ukraine, forest and loamy formations of I and II categories of draft are developed, 25% of developed open and semi-open karst, the processes of man-made flooding cover up to 10-15% of the industrial urban agglomerations. The most complex impact on the technogenic deterioration of engineering-seismological conditions is associated with flooding, as a result of which occur the following processes in the upper zone of the geological environment, where the stress-strain state of the base of objects is formed: deformation of the front of seismic waves in the substructure of buildings at contact level groundwater with foundations and maintenance of increased pore pressure; decrease of stability of shift-dangerous areas; the formation of zones for the formation of plumes and thixotropic transformations of water of saturated clay rocks; man-made generation of land-summerers during floods, mining operations in areas of influence of large water reservoirs. In general, a significant complex of changes in the stress-strain state of the geological environment due to natural and man-made factors increases the probability of occurrence of resonance phenomena in the system of "soil rock foundationbuilding construction" due to a wide spectrum of seismic shock shocks and man-made microseismic influences. In the article the algorithm of system harmonization of various requirements and indicators of soil ground reliability is considered with the help of compromise of opposite goals by means of formation of Pareto set. The practical possibility of obtaining the Pareto set is illustrated numerically.

The early warning systems about landslide hazards in Ukraine

“…The early stage of the landslide hazards automated study has begun with a variety of monitoring systems, the main role of which was to collect information about an object or phenomenon under study [10][11]. The study of landslide hazards requires the responses to two fundamental questions [12][13][14][15]:…”