Formation mechanism of Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite coating on Mg–Zn–Ca alloy for orthopaedic implant

Synthesis, microstructure and biodegradation behavior of nano-Si and nano-ZnO/Si coatings on a Mg/HA/TiO2/MgO nanocomposite

“…Furthermore, the detected spectra at ~532 eV can be attributed to carbonate 2 3 (CO ) − group that their spectra intensity increased in coated samples than the uncoated sample because of the carbon contamination during preparation process. The binding energy of Ca 2p, P 2p and O 1s peaks in XPS spectra of immersed samples are well compliance with that of Ca 2p, P 2p and O 1s peaks in hydroxyapatite [37,[63][64][65]. The decrease was observed in spectra intensity of Ca 2p, P 2p and O 1s peaks in coated samples compared to uncoated sample that can be caused by the formation lower amount of corrosion products such as Mg(OH) 2 and hydroxyapatite in coated samples after 168 h of immersion in SBF solution.…”

“…Results and discussion substrate peaks in XRD data. Each element shows the characteristic binding energy in the XPS spectra, moreover, the elemental information in the uppermost ~100Å surface thickness of an analyzed specimen can be detected by XPS [37].…”

“…Moreover, the O 1s peak (Fig. 12b) is deconvoluted into three peaks: the O 1s signal in binding energy of ~531 eV could be related to phosphate (PO 4 3− ) groups, while the spectrum at ~533 eV is assigned to hydroxyl (-OH) groups [37,[63][64][65]. Furthermore, the detected spectra at ~532 eV can be attributed to carbonate 2 3 (CO ) − group that their spectra intensity increased in coated samples than the uncoated sample because of the carbon contamination during preparation process.…”

Biodegradable Mg/HA/TiO2 Nanocomposites Coated with MgO and Si/MgO for Orthopedic Applications: A Study on the Corrosion, Surface Characterization, and Biocompatability

“…After seven days of immersion in the SBF solution, the intensity of the related spectra to the amorphous CaP components increased in the corrosion products of the coated samples compared to those of the uncoated nanocomposite ( Figure 13). Furthermore, the O 1s spectrum at~531 eV can arise due to hydroxyl (−OH), carbonate (CO 3 ) 2− , and/or phosphate (PO 4 3− ) groups [70,71].…”

Bioceramic Coatings for Metallic Implants

“…Silicon-substituted HA is now successfully used as bone graft material in spinal fusion, but it is not a good alternative for the hard tissue, due to its low hydrophobicity, which decreases the 2 1.67 [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite Ca 10Àx (HPO 4 ) x (PO 4 ) 6Àx (OH) 2Àx, with 0 < x_1 1.50 < Ca/ P < 1.67 [20][21][22][23][24] Carbonate hydroxyapatite [37] adsorption of proteins onto a material's surfaces, and its mechanical and tribological characteristics. Some researchers have also proposed the incorporation of Mg in the HA lattice, in order to accelerate the osseointegration process of implants.…”