Formation of acyl radical in lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid by manganese-dependent peroxidase from Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Bjerkandera adusta

Watanabe, Takashi; Katayama, Shihoko; Enoki, Makiko; Honda, Yoshio; Kuwahara, Masaaki

doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01469.x

Cited by 17 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Este processo pode ser dividido em três etapas: iniciação, propagação e terminação. 64 Durante a biodegradação da madeira, a peroxidação de ácidos graxos poderia ser mediada por Mn 3+ gerado pela MnP, 70 Recentemente, Kapich, Galkin e Hatakka demonstraram que ácidos fenólicos sintéticos e uma mistura de compostos fenólicos naturais inibem, mas não previnem, a peroxidação do ácido graxo insaturado ácido linoléico mediada por MnP e, também, a degradação de compostos modelo de lignina não fenólica. 73 A inibição da peroxidação do ácido linoléico foi afetada principalmente por compostos com hidroxilas fenólicas livres e parece ser proporcional à quantidade dessas hidroxilas.…”

Section: Compostos Aromáticos Clorados-lipunclassified

Relevância de compostos de baixa massa molar produzidos por fungos e envolvidos na biodegradação da madeira

Arantes¹,

Milagres²

2009

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 16/7/08; aceito em 27/1/09; publicado na web em 3/7/09 RELEVANCE OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT COMPOUNDS PRODUCED BY FUNGI AND INVOLVED IN WOOD BIODEGRADATION. Over the last decade, evidences have been shown that the wood biodegradation by fungi is not only a result of the action of their enzymatic machinery but also of various low molecular weight non-enzymatic compounds, especially in fungi that promote brown and white decay, which in nature are the major wood decaying microorganisms. The present review focuses on the recent theories involving these low molecular weight compounds that act direct or synergistically with lignocellulolytic enzymes to attack the wood main macromolecular constituents, their relevance as potential degradative systems, in the overall wood biodegradation, and also outlines their potential biotechnological applications.Keywords: wood biodegradation; enzymes; low molecular weight compounds.A biodegradação de materiais lignocelulósicos, como a madeira, é um processo natural de reciclagem de matéria orgânica e o entendimento deste processo contribui com a compreensão do ciclo natural do carbono, que tem início na biossíntese dos seus constituintes a partir de H 2 O, CO 2 e energia solar e termina com a mineralização destes constituintes e liberação de CO 2 e H 2 O, em decorrência da decomposição causada principalmente por fungos.Por muito tempo o processo de biodegradação foi foco de muitos estudos devido à grande quantidade de madeira e produtos à base de madeira, que são danificados por ação de fungos, e devido à necessidade do desenvolvimento de métodos de prevenção à biodegradação menos ofensivos ao meio ambiente. Atualmente, os fungos degradadores de madeira e/ou seus sistemas degradativos têm sido intensivamente estudados em razão do elevado potencial de utilização em aplicações biotecnológicas, como na biodegradação de compostos xenobióticos, 1-3 biorremediação de solos, 1,4,5 biopolpação da madeira 6,7 e biobranqueamento de polpas celulósicas. [8][9][10] Uma vez que o desenvolvimento e a eficácia destes métodos/processos dependem principalmente do conhecimento dos mecanismos químicos e bioquímicos envolvidos na biodegradação dos constituintes da madeira, o entendimento destes mecanismos certamente irá contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas aplicações, assim como para a melhoria das já existentes.Apesar do considerável conhecimento adquirido nas últimas dé-cadas a respeito da enzimologia da biodegradação dos constituintes da madeira, até os dias de hoje não se conhecem os mecanismos químicos e bioquímicos exatos empregados pelos fungos durante este processo. Contudo, sabe-se que o processo de biodegradação da madeira por fungos não pode ser explicado unicamente com base na ação das diversas enzimas lignocelulolíticas por eles secretadas. Dentro dessa abordagem, pesquisas recentes têm indicado uma participação expressiva de compostos de baixa massa molar (CBMM). 11,12Neste sentido, esta revisão tem como objetivo principal agrupar as diferentes teorias envolvendo CBMM produ...

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Section: Compostos Aromáticos Clorados-lipunclassified

Relevância de compostos de baixa massa molar produzidos por fungos e envolvidos na biodegradação da madeira

Arantes¹,

Milagres²

2009

Quím. Nova

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“…It harbors an array of peroxidases and degrading lignocellulose as well as aromatic pollutants (14,26). A role for linoleate (18:2), which may be supplied from endogenous wood lipids or through fungal ⌬ 12 -desaturation, in the mediation of lignin degradation has been suggested whereby diffusible lipid-derived peroxyl or alkoxy radicals aid in the initial decay of sound wood, particularly in white-rot fungi lacking lignin peroxidase (36,73). The production of free 18:2 during early colonization of wood meal, followed by extracellular lipid peroxidation and in vitro degradation of nonphenolic lignin, has been shown for the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Atypical Biosynthetic Properties of a Δ ¹² /ν+3 Desaturase from the Model Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Minto

Blacklock

Younus

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The model white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium contains a single integral membrane ⌬ 12 -desaturase FAD2 related to the endoplasmic reticular plant FAD2 enzymes. The fungal fad2-like gene was cloned and distinguished itself from plant homologs by the presence of four introns and a significantly larger coding region. The coding sequence exhibits ca. 35% sequence identity to plant homologs, with the highest sequence conservation found in the putative catalytic and major structural domains. In vivo activity of the heterologously expressed enzyme favors C 18 substrates with ؉3 regioselectivity, where the site of desaturation is three carbons carboxy-distal to the reference position of a preexisting double bond (). Linoleate accumulated to levels in excess of 12% of the total fatty acids upon heterologous expression of P. chrysosporium FAD2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast to the behavior of the plant FAD2 enzymes, this oleate desaturase does not 12-hydroxylate lipids and is the first example whose activity increases at higher temperatures (30°C versus 15°C). Thus, while maintaining the hallmark activity of the fatty acyl ⌬ 12 -desaturase family, the basidiomycete fad2 genes appear to have evolved substantially from an ancestral desaturase.Desaturases, the enzymes responsible for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, are found throughout the eukaryotic taxa. Critical cellular processes dependent on the modification of acyl lipids by desaturases include the regulation of membrane structure and fluidity, proper function of ion channels and other membrane proteins, and the biosynthesis of signaling molecules, such as jasmonic acid and arachidonic acid-derived second messengers (53, 71). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with double bonds at carbon-12, such as linoleic acid (18:2⌬9c,12c), are not synthesized by animals, who therefore depend upon the activities of the stepwise action of the ⌬ 9 -and ⌬ 12 -desaturases from plants and lower eukaryotes to generate these essential lipids.Supplementation of our diet with PUFAs derived from transgenic organisms has been targeted in recent years. Expression of fungal (37) and plant (56) desaturase genes in mammalian cells has been explored as a means to enhance the nutritional quality of meat products. Oleate and PUFA desaturases and elongases are gene targets sought after for transgenic production of the C 20 and C 22 polyunsaturated food supplements docosahexenoic and eicosapentenoic acids in alga, plants, and yeast (35, 51). The practical success of lipid metabolic engineering studies is dependent upon the expression of enzymes with high chemo-and regioselectivity within the transgenic organism, coupled with the manipulation of lipid biochemical flux to result in high, economically viable levels of unsaturated storage oil accumulation.Two evolutionarily distinct desaturase types exist: the soluble plastidal and the membrane-bound endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized enzymes, both of which use NAD(P)H and O 2 to sequentially abstract two hydrogens from ...

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“…It is essential to reduce the number of treatment cycles if greater bleaching ability is required. We are now examining additives such as linoleic acid, which plays an important role in the fungal lignolytic system (20), to increase bleaching ability. The combination of MnP treatment and other chemical bleaching methods, in which no chlorine-containing reagents are involved, should be another choice for practical TCF use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Pulp Biobleaching System Involving Manganese Peroxidase Immobilized in a Silica Support with Controlled Pore Sizes

Sasaki

Kajino

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Attempts have been made to use manganese peroxidase (MnP) for chlorine-free pulp biobleaching, but they have not been commercially viable because of the enzyme's low stability. We developed a new pulp biobleaching method involving mesoporous material-immobilized manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. MnP immobilized in FSM-16, a folded-sheet mesoporous material whose pore size is nearly the same as the diameter of the enzyme, had the highest thermal stability and tolerance to H 2 O 2 . MnP immobilized in FSM-16 retained more than 80% of its initial activity even after 10 days of continuous reaction. We constructed a thermally discontinuous two-stage reactor system, in which the enzyme (39°C) and pulp-bleaching (70°C) reactions were performed separately. When the treatment of pulp with MnP by means of the two-stage reactor system and alkaline extraction was repeated seven times, the brightness of the pulp increased to about 88% within 7 h after completion of the last treatment.

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Formation of acyl radical in lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid by manganese-dependent peroxidase from Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Bjerkandera adusta

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Relevância de compostos de baixa massa molar produzidos por fungos e envolvidos na biodegradação da madeira

Relevância de compostos de baixa massa molar produzidos por fungos e envolvidos na biodegradação da madeira

Atypical Biosynthetic Properties of a Δ ¹² /ν+3 Desaturase from the Model Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium

New Pulp Biobleaching System Involving Manganese Peroxidase Immobilized in a Silica Support with Controlled Pore Sizes

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Formation of acyl radical in lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid by manganese-dependent peroxidase from Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Bjerkandera adusta

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Relevância de compostos de baixa massa molar produzidos por fungos e envolvidos na biodegradação da madeira

Relevância de compostos de baixa massa molar produzidos por fungos e envolvidos na biodegradação da madeira

Atypical Biosynthetic Properties of a Δ 12 /ν+3 Desaturase from the Model Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium

New Pulp Biobleaching System Involving Manganese Peroxidase Immobilized in a Silica Support with Controlled Pore Sizes

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Atypical Biosynthetic Properties of a Δ ¹² /ν+3 Desaturase from the Model Basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium