Formation of Extracellular Sphingolipids by Microorganisms

Maister, H. G.; Rogovin, S. P.; Stodola, Frank H.; Wickerham, Lynferd J.

doi:10.1128/am.10.5.401-406.1962

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The test cream used in this study contained various components, including a lipid mixture (Neo-CMS ® formula) enriched by CER (NP)* (Table 1). The ceramide NP was synthesized by combining various lengths of FAs (C16-C24) derived from 4 plant oils (moringa oil, meadowfoam seed oil, macadamia oil, and shea butter oil) and phytosphingosine from yeast (Pichia ciferrii) fermentation [39][40][41]. The vehicle cream contains the same components in the test cream except the lipid mixture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lipid Mixture Enriched by Ceramide NP with Fatty Acids of Diverse Chain Lengths Contributes to Restore the Skin Barrier Function Impaired by Topical Corticosteroid

Lim

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Introduction: The stratum corneum (SC) is a skin barrier that consists of corneocytes, intercellular lipids, and corneodesmosomes. Ceramides are composed of sphingoid bases linked with various types of fatty acids (FAs), and they are an essential constituent of SC intercellular lipids. Among their subtypes, ceramide NP with a phytosphingosine base is especially important. Most of the previous studies on barrier recovery have focused on a specific ceramide with a single chain FA, not with diverse chain lengths. Skin barrier function is impaired by various factors, including topical corticosteroid. Objective: We evaluated whether a lipid mixture enriched by ceramide NP with FAs of diverse chain lengths (CER [NP]*) can restore the skin barrier function impaired by topical corticosteroid. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy adult male volunteers were recruited. Topical corticosteroid was applied on both volar forearms of volunteers. Then, the test cream containing a lipid mixture with CER (NP)* was applied on the left forearm, and a vehicle cream without a lipid mixture was applied on the right forearm of each subject. The functional parameters of the skin barrier were compared before and after the treatment. Epidermal differentiation markers, hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (HAS3), cytokine levels, and the lipid profiles in the SC were analyzed. Results: The functional parameters of the skin barrier, such as barrier recovery rate, SC integrity, and SC hydration were significantly improved in the test cream-applied site compared to the vehicle cream-applied sites. Filaggrin and HAS3 levels were significantly higher in the sites applied with the test cream. Interleukin (IL)-1α levels were also significantly increased in these sites. IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 levels were significantly decreased in the test cream-applied sites. Lipid analyses showed that C18, C20, and total ceramide NP levels significantly increased in the sites where the test cream was applied. Also, C16, C18, C20, C24, and total ceramide NP levels were significantly elevated in the test cream-applied sites after acute barrier disruption. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that a lipid mixture enriched by CER (NP)* could recover the barrier function impaired by topical corticosteroid.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lipid Mixture Enriched by Ceramide NP with Fatty Acids of Diverse Chain Lengths Contributes to Restore the Skin Barrier Function Impaired by Topical Corticosteroid

Lim

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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“…In previous publications (Wickerham and Stodola, 1960;; Stodola et al, 1962;Maister et al, 1962) we described the formation of the extracellular lipids tetraacetylphytosphingosine and triacetyldihydrosphingosine by the yeast Hansenula ci/errii. When this work was extended to other species, we found that a new yeast NRRL YB-2501 produced more than a gram of extracellular lipd per liter of culture liquor.…”

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confidence: 99%

8,9,13-Triacetoxydocosanoic Acid, an Extracellular Lipid Produced by a Yeast^*

Stodola¹,

Vesonder²,

Wickerham³

1965

Biochemistry

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The structure of the trihydroxy acid was established by its conversion to suberic acid and 5-ketotetradecanoic acid.(Moench) Voss. A description of the species will be published elsewhere.The lipid was produced in a yield of 1.42 g/liter by growing the yeast for 7 days at 25°in shaken flasks on a medium containing 5 % malt extract and 1 % glucose. The crude product, obtained as an oil by extraction of the culture liquor with hexane, was shown by thin-layer chromatography to consist largely of a single component. Silicic acid chromatography gave a pure

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“…Te test cream used in this study was BARRIEDERM LOTION MD ® (Cell Fusion C, Seoul, Republic of Korea), which contained various components, including a lipid mixture (Neo-CMS ® formula) enriched by ceramide NP and fatty acids (FAs) of diverse chain lengths. Ceramide NP was synthesized by combining FAs of various lengths (C16-C24) derived from four plant oils (moringa oil, meadowfoam seed oil, macadamia oil, and shea butter oil) and phytosphingosine from yeast (Pichia ciferrii) fermentation [20][21][22]. Te major components of the study cream are listed in Table S1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side‐by‐Side Comparative Study of a Moisturizer and Topical Tacrolimus for Treating Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Single‐Blinded Clinical Trial

Shim

Jung

et al. 2023

Dermatologic Therapy

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The appropriate use of therapeutic moisturizers could reduce the need for more aggressive treatment in the management of atopic dermatitis (AD). We conducted a randomized, side-by-side, single-blinded, comparative study in 41 mild to moderate AD patients to compare a moisturizer and topical tacrolimus for restoring skin barrier function and managing AD. A moisturizer was applied twice daily for 4 weeks to one side of the flexural areas (moisturizer group). Topical tacrolimus was applied on the other side of the tested area (tacrolimus group). Biophysical skin parameters were measured at baseline, week 2, and week 4. Clinical qualitative assessments were also conducted. Analysis of the trend from baseline to week 4 revealed that the hydration level was significantly increased in both groups ( p < 0.01 , respectively). No biophysical parameters were significantly different between the two groups. Differences in the modified Eczema Area and Severity Index scores between the baseline and week 4 were significantly higher in the tacrolimus group than those in the moisturizer group ( p = 0.002 ). In the Investigator’s Global Assessment, a significantly larger proportion of patients in the tacrolimus group showed clinical improvement than that in the moisturizer group at week 4 ( p = 0.027 ). Although topical tacrolimus was superior to the moisturizer in preventing the clinical exacerbation of AD, the moisturizer was not inferior to topical tacrolimus in restoring skin barrier function. Therefore, moisturizer is considered to play an essential role in maintenance therapy for AD. Physicians need to emphasize the benefits of moisturizers when educating their patients.

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Formation of Extracellular Sphingolipids by Microorganisms

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

A Lipid Mixture Enriched by Ceramide NP with Fatty Acids of Diverse Chain Lengths Contributes to Restore the Skin Barrier Function Impaired by Topical Corticosteroid

A Lipid Mixture Enriched by Ceramide NP with Fatty Acids of Diverse Chain Lengths Contributes to Restore the Skin Barrier Function Impaired by Topical Corticosteroid

8,9,13-Triacetoxydocosanoic Acid, an Extracellular Lipid Produced by a Yeast^*

Side‐by‐Side Comparative Study of a Moisturizer and Topical Tacrolimus for Treating Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Single‐Blinded Clinical Trial

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Formation of Extracellular Sphingolipids by Microorganisms

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

A Lipid Mixture Enriched by Ceramide NP with Fatty Acids of Diverse Chain Lengths Contributes to Restore the Skin Barrier Function Impaired by Topical Corticosteroid

A Lipid Mixture Enriched by Ceramide NP with Fatty Acids of Diverse Chain Lengths Contributes to Restore the Skin Barrier Function Impaired by Topical Corticosteroid

8,9,13-Triacetoxydocosanoic Acid, an Extracellular Lipid Produced by a Yeast*

Side‐by‐Side Comparative Study of a Moisturizer and Topical Tacrolimus for Treating Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Single‐Blinded Clinical Trial

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Product

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8,9,13-Triacetoxydocosanoic Acid, an Extracellular Lipid Produced by a Yeast^*