Formation of Hard Layer on Metallic Material by EDM.

Use of powder metallurgy (PM) compacted electrodes for electrical discharge surface alloying/modification of Ti–6Al–4V alloy

“…The particle size ranges from ∼1 to 175 m with sintering pressures ∼100-540 MPa and temperatures from ∼900 to 1300 • C. Layer formation speed is reported to be about 10 times slower when solid Ti metal electrodes are used compared with Ti-green compact PM electrodes [10]. Recast layer thickness with PM tools is reported to be up to ∼100 m.…”

“…Cr/Ni, Ni/Co, Ni/Mn, Ni/Fe, Ni/Si, Cu/W, Cu/Mn, Cu/Co and TiC/WC/Co [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The particle size ranges from ∼1 to 175 m with sintering pressures ∼100-540 MPa and temperatures from ∼900 to 1300 • C. Layer formation speed is reported to be about 10 times slower when solid Ti metal electrodes are used compared with Ti-green compact PM electrodes [10].…”

Study on the surface modification system with electrical discharge machine in the practical usage

“…Reviews for technology [8][9][10] Saito and others initially reported the improvement affect of EDC with silicon electrode application to the tools, showing that the worn amount of tools flank was reduced to around one-tenth compared with the no processing tools by EDC.…”

Mathematical Modelling of the Electrical Discharge Mechanical Alloying Process

“…for removing the inequalities, smoothing etc.) or modify the properties of the superficial layer [7], [8] BEDMA (Brush Electrodischarge Mechanical Alloying) property it is possible to distinguish the following main sub-processes [9], [10]: electric: flow of the current through metal elements of the brush electrode and the joint-contact of machining surface (E-S), electrical discharge (sparking or in case of coarse machining arched), transient states in the working electric circuit, thermal: heating with heat of metal elements of the brush (wire, tape, etc. ), melting in the zone of the joint, thermal phenomena in the plasma column while discharging, mechanical: the interaction between elements of hot electrode and machining surface (contact phenomena: pressing, deformation, friction, etc.)…”