Formation of Metal Nanoparticles on the Surface of Polymer Particles Incorporating Polysilane by UV Irradiation

Abstract

Polystyrene particles incorporating poly(methylphenylsilane) (PMPS) were synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization. UV irradiation of the emulsion under air in the presence of metal salts such as HAuCl4.4H2O, AgNO3, and Na2PdCl4 led to the formation of metal nanoparticles on the surface of polymer particles; thus, metal nanoparticle/polymer hybrid particles were obtained. The structures of the hybrid particles were confirmed by the surface plasmon resonance band and transmission electron microscopy images. The formation of metal nanoparticles depended on the functional groups and charge on the surface of the polymer particle. The metal nanoparticles were formed due to the reduction of metal ions, accompanied by the oxidation of PMPS. The interaction between the surface of the polymer particle and the metal ions plays an important role in the formation of the metal nanoparticle.

Direct Electroless Copper Deposition on A Photolithographic Pattern of Palladium-Nanoparticle/Acrylic-Polymer Hybrid

“…It is considered that the radical species generated from Darocure 1173 by the UV irradiation induce the radical polymerization of TMPTA and also the reduction of the palladium ion (Fig. 1), [8][9][10] resulting in the formation of the palladium-nanoparticle/acrylic-polymer hybrid negative pattern. The palladium nanoparticles on the surface of the hybrid catalyze the electroless plating.…”

A Photocurable Pd Nanoparticle/Silica Nanoparticle/Acrylic Polymer Hybrid Layer for Direct Electroless Copper Deposition on a Polymer Substrate

“…The radical formed from Darocure (photo radical initiator) or AIBN (radical initiator) induces the reduction of the palladium ion [6][7][8][9] as well as the radical polymerization of the TMPTA (acrylate monomer). The acryl group at the surface of the silica nanoparticles copolymerizes with the acrylate monomer, forming the crosslinking network composed of acrylic-polymer chain and the silica nanoparticles.…”

“…Efforts have been made to incorporate nanoparticles, such as metal nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles, into polymer matrices, given the fact that a nanoparticle-dispersed polymer material (nanoparticle/polymer hybrid) derives its properties from the nanoparticles, such as catalytic activity [1,2] and optical properties [3,4]. Metal nanoparticle/polymer hybrid films can be prepared by the deposition of metal nanoparticles on the surface of a polymer film and by in situ formation of metal nanoparticles via the reduction of the metal ions by reducing agents [1][2] and photochemically generated radicals [5][6][7][8][9]. Benzoin [6][7][8] and polysilane [9] function as a photo radical initiator to produce metal nanoparticles in solvents and polymer matrices.…”

“…Metal nanoparticle/polymer hybrid films can be prepared by the deposition of metal nanoparticles on the surface of a polymer film and by in situ formation of metal nanoparticles via the reduction of the metal ions by reducing agents [1][2] and photochemically generated radicals [5][6][7][8][9]. Benzoin [6][7][8] and polysilane [9] function as a photo radical initiator to produce metal nanoparticles in solvents and polymer matrices.…”

Synthesis of latex based antibacterial acrylate polymer/nanosilver via in situ miniemulsion polymerization

“…[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Homogenization process for the miniemulsions by sonication was firstly described in 1979. 47 Tamai et al 48 synthesized polystyrene particles incorporating poly(methylphenylsilane) (PS/PMPS) by the miniemulsion polymerization. They coated the surface of polymer particles by the UV irradiation of the emulsion in the presence of metal salts.…”