Formation of nano-hillocks by impact of swift heavy ions on thin films of TiO2

Ion beam induced surface and interface engineering

“…Formation of nanosized oblate hillocks on the surface of irradiated films was investigated by AFM studies. The shape and size of nanoparticles formed is dependent on the irradiation fluence [686][687][688]. Romero-Gomez et al studied the low energy ion irradiation effect on TiO 2 thin film.…”

Carbon Ion Irradiation Effects on Pulsed Laser Deposited Titanium Nitride Thin Films

“…31 The absorbed energy at lower doses enhances the di®usion of host atoms across the grain boundaries as a result the crystallite size increases. 34 The amorphous to crystalline phase transition is also observed by Thakurdesai et al 35 when TiO 2¯l ms were irradiated with 100 MeV Ag ions at°uence from 1 Â 10 12 to 1 Â 10 13 ions/cm 2 . However, with further increase of ion dose, the crystallite size of TiN¯lm decreases.…”

“…This transfer of energy is responsible for the formation/removal of defects, ordering/disordering, structural strain, modi¯cation in structural and other properties of target material. 33 The golden color of the¯lms, as well as appearance of XRD peaks at angle 35 Table 2.…”

Swift Heavy Ion Induced Optical and Electronic Modifications of Graphene–TiO2 Nanocomposites

“…For G-TiO 2 nanocomposites, there is not much known yet about the exact nature of the defects caused by swift heavy ion irradiation. However, in the case of Si beams with S e smaller than the threshold values of S e required for the latent track formation in TiO 2 and graphite ( S eth = 6.2 keV/nm, S eth = 7 keV/nm), the resulting defects should be caused predominantly by direct collisions, giving rise mainly to the formation of point defects. These point defects have a much weaker effect on the variation of I D / I G , I 2D / I G , and φ.…”