Formation of PCDD/Fs from heating polyethylene with metal chlorides in the presence of air

Zheng, Minghui; Liu, Pengyan; Piao, Mingjun; Liu, Wenbin; Xu, Xiyan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.006

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The mechanism of the conversion of the chlorine in NaCl into gaseous HCl is very well understood. The first step involves reaction of NaCl with the wet SiO 2 and/or Al 2 O 3 , forming a complex of sodium-silico-aluminates and HCl [133]. The most important factors in the conversion process are the availability of water vapour, the presence of zeolite, silica, alumina or clay minerals in the ash and the incinerator's temperature and design.…”

Section: Chlorine Speciation In the Gas Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for formation, chlorination, dechlorination and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs)

Altarawneh

Dlugogorski

Kennedy

et al. 2009

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

445

279

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Section: Chlorine Speciation In the Gas Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for formation, chlorination, dechlorination and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs)

Altarawneh

Dlugogorski

Kennedy

et al. 2009

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

445

279

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The fly ash surface bonding forms surface-active material to adsorb precursor materials, and the complicated precursor condensation reaction is formed by catalyzing metals to form PCDD/Fs. (Zheng et al, 2004;Ryu, 2008;Liu et al, 2011). The degradation of carbon structures forms small molecule substances, and then the interaction forms PCDD/Fs (Lundin and Marklund, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD/F Formation Catalyzed by the Metal Chlorides and Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds in Fly Ash

Chin

Lin

Chang-Chien

et al. 2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The entrained fine fly ash particles carried into the post-combustion region and collected by air pollution control devices were capable of such surface-mediated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) formation. The secondary formation of PCDD/Fs in the flue gas and ash from the municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) systems has attracted considerable public concern. The objective of this study was to examine reactions in fly ash from an municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) operated with metal chlorides and chlorinated aromatic precursors. When 10 wt% FeCl 2 , ZnCl 2 and CuCl 2 were added onto the fly ash medium, the PCDD/Fs concentration is 8.8, 25.5 and 369.5 ng/g, respectively. This indicates that the formation of PCDD/Fs was significantly increased by CuCl 2 . In the case of CaCl 2 addition, the results showed that it acts in a minor role as a catalyst to promote the formation of PCDD/Fs. In addition, the results of adding HgCl 2 has no transformation effect on the formation of PCDD/Fs in the residue and gas phases. Moreover, in an experiment using chlorinated aromatic precursors, the formation of PCDD/Fs was significantly increased by pentachlorophenol (PCP). This study suggests that the filter cake ash treatment should be studied extensively to control dioxin yields on the fly ash matrix.

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“…For CP3, the gas emitted from charging of the coal was conducted into the adjacent combustion chambers, which might result in very low emission level of the dioxins. It was reported that the composition of raw materials in thermally related processes had significant influence on dioxins formations and emissions (Tuppurainen et al, 1998;Hatanaka et al, 2000;Wikström and Marklund, 2001;Wikstörm et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2003;Zheng et al, 2004). Therefore, the contents and forms of some elements in coal used for coke production, such as chlorine, copper, and sulfur, are supposed to also affect dioxin emissions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation on emission of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls from coke plants in China

Liu

et al. 2009

Chemosphere

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a b s t r a c tThermal related processes are widely recognized as the main sources of formation and emission of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). It is well known that, carbonization of coal in coke production involves many thermal reactions at high-temperature. However, there are still no strong evidences to identify coking processes as source of PCDD/Fs and PCBs. In this study, coke production was qualified and quantified for emission of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) in some typical coke plants in China. In the preliminary investigation, stack gases from three typical coke plants were collected, and dl-PCBs and 2378-substituted PCDD/Fs were analyzed by isotope dilution HRGC/HRMS technique. The total toxic equivalents of dl-PCBs and PCDD/Fs were in the range of 1.6-1785.4 pg WHO-TEQ Nm À3 . For dl-PCBs, the most abundant congener was CB-118, and the most dominant contributor to total WHO-TEQ of dl-PCBs was CB-126. With regard to PCDD/Fs, four congeners comprised of OCDD, 1234678-HpCDD, 1234678-HpCDF and OCDF were the predominant species in stack gases. Further investigation on the emission of dioxins from coking industry is still in process.

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Formation of PCDD/Fs from heating polyethylene with metal chlorides in the presence of air

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Mechanisms for formation, chlorination, dechlorination and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs)

Mechanisms for formation, chlorination, dechlorination and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs)

PCDD/F Formation Catalyzed by the Metal Chlorides and Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds in Fly Ash

A preliminary investigation on emission of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls from coke plants in China

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