Formation of phenolic oligomers during fast pyrolysis of lignin

Bai, Xianglan; Kim, Kwang Ho; Brown, Robert C.; Dalluge, Erica A.; Hutchinson, Carolyn P.; Lee, Young Jin; Dalluge, Dustin L.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2014.03.013

Cited by 209 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Furthermore, the content of hydroxyphenols increased, but that of guaiacols and syringols decreased, with increasing temperature. Studies have shown that phenol and alkylphenols are mostly generated from the secondary cleavage reaction of guaiacols and syringols (Shen et al 2010;Bai et al 2014;Hu et al 2012). In addition to temperature, the interactions during two-component co-pyrolysis also influenced the formation of phenolic products.…”

Section: Influence Of the Interactions On Phenolic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose-lignin and Xylan-lignin Interactions on the Formation of Lignin-derived Phenols in Pyrolysis Oil

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

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To gain a better understanding of the effect of the interactions between two biomass components (cellulose-lignin and xylan-lignin) on ligninderived phenolic products, two analysis methods are introduced. With 3:1, 2:1, and 1:1 ratios of cellulose and lignin, and xylan and lignin, the mixtures were subjected to fast pyrolysis, which was carried out in a fixed-bed tubular furnace at 450 to 600 °C. The phenolic content in the bio-oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The product distributions showed that cellulose, xylan, and lignin were the main contributors to the mass of biomass bio-oil, gas, and char, respectively. The char yields decreased and the bio-oil and gas yields increased in the presences of cellulose and xylan. Comparative analyses of both the phenol content and peak area of the two methods suggest that in the case of cellulose and lignin co-pyrolysis, the formation of three kinds of phenolic products is promoted. The strength of this positive effect increased with increasing lignin content. However, the production of hydroxyphenols is promoted, while the productions of guaiacols and syringols are inhibited by the effect of xylan, which creates a different interaction between xylan and lignin.

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Section: Influence Of the Interactions On Phenolic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose-lignin and Xylan-lignin Interactions on the Formation of Lignin-derived Phenols in Pyrolysis Oil

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

BioResources

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“…It has been shown that during pyrolysis of lignin derived from corn stover by organosolv treatment, phenolic monomers and dimers are mainly produced. However, the reactive monomers can rapidly repolymerize [135]. Isolated lignin contains an increased amount of C-C bonds, which is more resistant to thermal depolymerization.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Of Isolated Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery and Utilization of Lignin Monomers as Part of the Biorefinery Approach

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Lignin is a substantial component of lignocellulosic biomass but is under-utilized relative to the cellulose and hemicellulose components. Historically, lignin has been burned as a source of process heat, but this heat is usually in excess of the process energy demands. Current models indicate that development of an economically competitive biorefinery system requires adding value to lignin beyond process heat. This addition of value, also known as lignin valorization, requires economically viable processes for separating the lignin from the other biomass components, depolymerizing the lignin into monomeric subunits, and then upgrading these monomers to a value-added product. The fact that lignin's biological role is to provide biomass with structural integrity means that this heteropolymer can be difficult to depolymerize. However, there are chemical and biological routes to upgrade lignin from its native form to compounds of industrial value. Here we review the historical background and current technology of (thermo) chemical depolymerization of lignin; the natural ability of microbial enzymes and pathways to utilize lignin, the current prospecting work to find novel microbial routes to lignin degradation, and some applications of these microbial enzymes and pathways; and the current chemical and biological technologies to upgrade lignin-derived monomers.

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“…Lignin is the most abundant resource of aromatic compounds in nature (Lora and Glasser 2002). The pyrolysis of lignin obtains value-added aromatic compounds (Bai et al 2014;Zhang et al 2014); however, the traditional pyrolysis techniques do not take into account the selective production of specific aromatic compounds. Mechanistic studies concerning lignin pyrolysis help to realize the formation pathways of pyrolytic products, and moreover, provide a theoretical basis for exploring efficient selective pyrolysis techniques for target products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Pyrolysis Mechanism of β-1-Type Lignin Dimer Model Compound

Jiang

Lü

et al. 2016

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A β-1-type lignin dimer, 1,2-bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol was employed as a model compound in this study. The pyrolysis mechanisms and formation pathways of the pyrolytic products were investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and analytical pyrolysisgas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Four possible initial pyrolysis mechanisms were proposed, including the Cα-Cβ homolysis mechanism and three concerted decomposition mechanisms (1, 2, and 3). Results indicated that the lignin dimer decomposed via two concerted decomposition mechanisms, forming 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 1,3-dimethoxy-5-vinylbenzene, 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 3-methoxybenzaldehyde. 3,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde was the major product, accounting for greater than 50% of all pyrolytic products. In addition to the two concerted decomposition mechanisms, Cα-Cβ homolysis was a secondary pyrolysis mechanism during the lignin dimer pyrolysis process, and the pyrolytic products included 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol, 3,5-dimethoxyphenethyl alcohol, 1,3-dimethoxybenzene, and 1,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzene. A third concerted decomposition mechanism was judged to be the least likely pathway to occur because of the high activation energy requirement.

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Formation of phenolic oligomers during fast pyrolysis of lignin

Cited by 209 publications

References 32 publications

Cellulose-lignin and Xylan-lignin Interactions on the Formation of Lignin-derived Phenols in Pyrolysis Oil

Cellulose-lignin and Xylan-lignin Interactions on the Formation of Lignin-derived Phenols in Pyrolysis Oil

Recovery and Utilization of Lignin Monomers as Part of the Biorefinery Approach

Experimental and Theoretical Studies on the Pyrolysis Mechanism of β-1-Type Lignin Dimer Model Compound

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