Formation of the intermetallic phases Al12Mg17 and Al3Mg2 during heating of elemental Al-Mg composites studied by high-energy X-ray diffraction

Sanamar, Soheil; Brokmeier, Heinz Günter; Schell, Norbert

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165114

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…By zooming in on the spectrum in Figure 7b, the presence of the β phase (Mg2Si) with (220) orientation becomes more evident. Traces of the aluminum matrix with orientations (111) and (311) are also observed [41]. Figure 8 shows the XRD spectrum corresponding to the sample that exhibited the lowest mechanical properties (1st run), in which the presence of the β phase with orientation (220) is observed.…”

Section: Xrd Phase Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of a 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Heat Treatment from the Perspective of Taguchi Design-of-Experiments

Guzmán-Flores,

Granda-Gutiérrez,

Cruz-González

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This research investigates the heat treatment parameters of 6061-aluminum alloy to enhance its mechanical properties. The Taguchi design-of-experiments (DOE) method was employed to systematically examine the effects of solutionizing temperature, solutionizing time, aging temperature, and aging time on the tensile strength of the alloy. Mechanical testing suggested a major influence of solutionizing and aging temperatures on the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy. The samples subjected to a solutionizing temperature of 540 °C for 3 h, followed by aging at 170 °C for 18 h, exhibited the highest ultimate tensile strength (293.7 MPa). Conversely, the samples processed at the lowest levels of these parameters displayed the lowest ultimate tensile strength (193.7 MPa). Microstructural analysis confirmed the formation of equiaxed grains, strengthening precipitates, precipitate clusters, and β (Mg2Si) precipitates alongside Fe-Al-Si dispersoids. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis detected the presence of elemental precursors of β phase (Al-Mg-Si) and dispersoid-forming elements (Al-Fe-Si). X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) analysis revealed the persistence of the β phase in the alloy, indicating its contribution to the improved mechanical properties, which are mainly obtained by aging precipitation phases. Fracture analysis showed a ductile fracture mechanism, and examining fractured samples supported the findings of enhanced tensile properties resulting from the adequate selection of heat treatment parameters. We employed ANOVA (analysis of variance) to analyze the DOE results, using a multiple regression model to express the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy in terms of the variables used in the design. This yielded an adjusted coefficient of determination of 89.75%, indicating a high level of explained variability in the test data for evaluating the model’s predictive capacity.

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Section: Xrd Phase Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of a 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Heat Treatment from the Perspective of Taguchi Design-of-Experiments

Guzmán-Flores,

Granda-Gutiérrez,

Cruz-González

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Combined with the Mg-Al binary phase diagram 18,19 and the XRD pattern in Figure 4, it can be determined that the phase at the interface of Mg layer is Mg 17 Al 12 , and the phase near the interface of Al layer is Al 3 Mg 2 . Lee 20 found that the diffusion layer is composed of two phases, Al 3 Mg 2 near Al layer and Mg 17 Al 12 near Mg layer.…”

Section: Interfacial Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/Al clad plate

Li,

Zhu,

Liu

2024

Materials Science and Technology

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Mg/Al clad plate was prepared by a combined process of corrugated roll rolling, flat roll rolling and annealing. The results show that the grain refinement is obvious in the first corrugated roll rolling, the grain grows before the second pass annealing, and the grain refines again after the second pass flat roll. By increasing the annealing temperature, the grain growth is promoted, the hardness of Mg17Al12 compound layer is 1.378–2.812 GPa, and that of Al3Mg2 compound layer is 1.161–1.281 GPa, which is higher than that of base metal. The mechanical properties of clad plate in transverse direction (TD) are better than those in rolling direction (RD). The residual stress can be eliminated by annealing, and the mechanical properties of clad plate can be improved.

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“…However, a higher aluminum content leads to the formation of the hard and brittle intermetallic phase Al12 Mg17, which is undesirable due to its hardness, brittleness, and low thermal stability [4,5]. The fragility at the Mg/Al12 Mg17 interface stems from a mismatch in crystal structures: α-Mg has a hexagonal closepacked (HCP) arrangement, whereas γ-Al12 Mg17 has a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Rolling Process of Lightweight Materials

Rawles,

Fialkova,

Hubbard

et al. 2024

Crystals

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Conventional rolling is a plastic deformation process that uses compression between two rolls to reduce material thickness and produce sheet/plane geometries. This deformation process modifies the material structure by generating texture, reducing the grain size, and strengthening the material. The rolling process can enhance the strength and hardness of lightweight materials while still preserving their inherent lightness. Lightweight metals like magnesium alloys tend to lack mechanical strength and hardness in load-bearing applications. The general rolling process is controlled by the thickness reduction, velocity of the rolls, and temperature. When held at a constant thickness reduction, each pass through the rolls introduces an increase in strain hardening, which could ultimately result in cracking, spallation, and other defects. This study is designed to optimize the rolling process by evaluating the effects of the strain rate, rather than the thickness reduction, as a process control parameter.

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Formation of the intermetallic phases Al12Mg17 and Al3Mg2 during heating of elemental Al-Mg composites studied by high-energy X-ray diffraction

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of a 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Heat Treatment from the Perspective of Taguchi Design-of-Experiments

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of a 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Heat Treatment from the Perspective of Taguchi Design-of-Experiments

Effect of annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/Al clad plate

Optimizing the Rolling Process of Lightweight Materials

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