Formation of titanium nitride produced from nanocrystalline titanium powder under nitrogen atmosphere

Kinetics of titanium nitride synthesized with Ti and N2

“…In fact, Ti and N 2 could form to several different stoichiometric ratio compounds, such as Ti 2 N, Ti 5 N 2 and TiN. However, in most previous thermodynamic studies, XRD showed that the final phase compositions are Ti and TiN [2,10]. The Gibbs free energy that varies with temperature was also calculated by Factsage 6.2.…”

“…The ultra-fine TiN powder, which can be used as reinforcement for metal matrix composites, exhibits a great development value and application prospect [1][2][3][4]. The conventional synthesis of TiN involves direct nitridation, laser cladding, selfpropagating high-temperature synthesis and mechanical milling [5,6].…”

“…However, the conversion of Ti to TiN occurred during both non-isothermal and isothermal processes, which is complex for data analysis. In recent years, Bolokang [2] examined the kinetics of milled and unmilled Ti powders, and the effect of milling time on the dissolution of N 2 on Ti powder was investigated. The specific surface area of the milled Ti powders was found to accelerate the N 2 uptake and subsequent formation of TiN at lower temperature compared with that in the unmilled powder.…”

Formation of face-centered cubic and tetragonal titanium oxynitride by low temperature annealing of ball milled titanium powder in air

“…The lattice parameters of titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), and titanium monoxide (TiO x ) and titanium hydride (TiH 2 ) are found within this range. Literature shows that TiN can be synthesized on ball milled Ti powder at low temperatures [8]. In addition, the synthesis of nitride and oxynitride is feasible by milling Ti in air [9].…”

Production of titanium–tin alloy powder by ball milling: Formation of titanium–tin oxynitride composite powder produced by annealing in air

“…The ultrafine fine powder particles become very reactive when flattened due to surface deformation. As a result, synthesis of compounds such as nitride [14] and oxynitrides [15] is possible at low temperatures. Mixed metal oxynitride are available and has been fabricated in indium-tin-oxynitride films by RF-sputtering for possible potential applications in electronics [16].…”