Formation of Valuable Attitudes to Natural Objects in Children: Theoretical Foundations of the Problem

Abstract

The article analyzes the psychological-pedagogical problem of forming a valuable attitude to nature and its individual objects in children, which is relevant to the national education system. The theoretical foundations and conceptual provisions for solving this problem in the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st centuries are revealed. The issue of the creative implementation of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi's pedagogical heritage in relation to solving this important problem has been updated.The understanding of the specified problem in modern pedagogical science and practice in the context of reforming the national education system and implementing the Concept of the New Ukrainian School is characterized.Four psychological levels of children's knowledge of the environment and the formation of appropriate value attitudes towards it in the creative educational environment of a modern educational institution are defined and substantiated (awareness of the environment or its individual objects based on sensory perception of the realities of reality; awareness of one's place and role in the environment as a single integral socio-natural system; formation of concern for the state of the environment; awareness of the direct influence of the environment as a whole or the state of individual natural objects on the formation of a child as a personality)/
 The stages of forming a child's subjective attitude towards nature or its individual objects as a value category are characterized, such as the accumulation of elementary knowledge and experience of interaction with the surrounding world or its individual objects; determination of the totality and content of own needs, their hierarchy in the mind of the child; determining the nature or individual objects (sets of objects) or phenomena of the natural (socio-natural) environment, which, according to the child's belief, can satisfy his needs; the child's awareness of objective connections between objects of nature and their own needs; analysis of the effectiveness of the results of one's own behavior or activity in the environment to satisfy one's own needs.