“…Davies, Earle, McMahon, Howe, and Collier (2017) stated that a formative assessment is a process used by teachers and students during instruction that provides feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning to improve student's achievement of an intended instructional outcome. Through formative assessments, teachers monitor student progress, provide students feedback and adjust instructional approaches toward improved teaching and learning (Andersson & Palm, 2017;Hansen & Ringdal, 2018;Hooker, 2017). In other words, a formative assessment may also help students identify their strengths and weakness and the target areas that need to be worked on (Hansen & Ringdal, 2018;Xiao & Yang, 2019;Zainuddin, Shujahat, Haruna, & Chu, 2020).…”