Former Soviet Union Region To Play Larger Role in Meeting World Wheat Needs

Liefert, William M.; Liefert, Olga; Vocke, Gary; Allen, Edward W.

doi:10.22004/ag.econ.121958

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It has previously been established that historic wheat development in Central Asia was based on two primary gene flow directions [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 17 ]. The first direction originated from the Northern European side, mainly via Russia and Ukraine, as these countries, along with some Central Asian republics, were part of the USSR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the majority of accessions are assumed to have “genetic signatures” from Turkey and other countries from Western or Southwestern Asia, such as from neighboring Afghanistan. The second pool was formed using the germplasm from Eastern European territories and was the result of wheat cultivation activities undertaken during the Soviet era, when most of the sources used for the development of new cultivars were accessions taken from the territories of modern Ukraine and the Russian Federation [ 13 , 16 , 17 ]. Thus, it will be rewarding to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of contemporary winter wheat accessions in one of the largest wheat-growing areas in the world, as this may shed light on the adaptation of genotypes to specific environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population Structure of Modern Winter Wheat Accessions from Central Asia

Amalova

Yermekbayev

Griffiths

et al. 2023

Plants

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Despite the importance of winter wheat in Central Asian countries, there are limited reports describing their diversity within this region. In this study, the population structures of 115 modern winter wheat cultivars from four Central Asian countries were compared to germplasms from six other geographic origins using 10,746 polymorphic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. After applying the STRUCTURE package, we found that in terms of the most optimal K steps, samples from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan were grouped together with samples from Russia, while samples from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan were grouped with samples from Afghanistan. The mean value of Nei’s genetic diversity index for the germplasm from four groups from Central Asia was 0.261, which is comparable to that of the six other groups studied: Europe, Australia, the USA, Afghanistan, Turkey, and Russia. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed that samples from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan were close to samples from Turkey, while Kazakh accessions were located near samples from Russia. The evaluation of 10,746 SNPs in Central Asian wheat suggested that 1006 markers had opposing allele frequencies. Further assessment of the physical positions of these 1006 SNPs in the Wheat Ensembl database indicated that most of these markers are constituents of genes associated with plant stress tolerance and adaptability. Therefore, the SNP markers identified can be effectively used in regional winter wheat breeding projects for facilitating plant adaptation and stress resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%