Formic Acid Treatment of Wheat and Corn Silages

Baxter, H.D.; Montgomery, M.J.; Owen, John R.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(80)83080-3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Since it is not clear whether formic acid affects (or not) the digestibility of crude protein (Baxter, Montgomery & Owen, 1980;Thomas et al 1981), attention has also been paid to some aspects of N-metabolism. The results shown in Table 6 and particularly the flow of total and non-ammonia-N to the duodenum, and the high value of N-absorption from the intestine of sheep fed the ozone diet, imply that rumen N-metabolism and N-absorption were not impaired by the presence of formic acid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical treatments for increasing the digestibility of cotton straw: 1. Effect of ozone and sodium hydroxide treatments on rumen metabolism and on the digestibility of cell walls and organic matter

1983

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The digestibility and rumen metabolism of diets containing as 50 % of their organic matter (OM), cotton straw (CS) untreated, treated with sodium hydroxide and treated with ozone, were studied in sheep cannulated in the rumen and at the duodenum with simple cannulae. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the rumen of sheep given the ozone and NaOH treatments was higher than in the untreated diet; however, the VFA profiles were not different. The rumen dehydrogenase activity, suggested to reflect general microbial activity, was higher by 83 and 81 % in the ozone and NaOH treatments respectively, than in the untreated.Apparent digestibility of organic matter in the ozone-treated diet was 74-6%; 1-25 and 1-17 times higher than in the untreated and NaOH-treated diets respectively. The calculated values for organic matter and cell-wall digestibilities of the cotton straw in the complete diets were: 30-0,20-0; 60-8, 60-0; and 39-6, 39-7 %, respectively, for the untreated, ozone and NaOH-treated cotton straw. Nitrogen metabolism was not impaired by the presence of formic acid in the ozonated cotton straw; the apparent absorption of N from the intestine and the apparent digestibility of N were higher in the ozonetreated diet than in the untreated or NaOH-treated diet.The proportion of organic matter and cell walls digested in the rumen was higher in the NaOH and ozone treatments than in the untreated, and the possible reasons for that are discussed. A positive relationship was found between cell-wall digestion in the rumen (% of intake) and the rate of passage (% per h) of particulate matter from the rumen. The interpretation of this relationship is discussed in general and in view of the results of the present study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical treatments for increasing the digestibility of cotton straw: 1. Effect of ozone and sodium hydroxide treatments on rumen metabolism and on the digestibility of cell walls and organic matter

1983

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The replacement of maize silage by urea-treated whole-crop barley in the diets of Iranian native sheep

Golmahi

Haghighian-Roodsary

Gholaminia

et al. 2006

Small Ruminant Research

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The utilization by calves of formaldehyde-treated maize silages and the response to supplementary protein

et al. 1982

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Four silages were prepared from whole crop maize, each receiving additives of 21 1 formic acid per t fresh crop, and 0, 14, 27 or 53 g formaldehyde per kg crude protein in the crop. These silages, together with 19·6 g urea per kg dry matter, were offered ad libitum for 83 days to 60 British Friesian steer calves, initially 99 kg live weight, either alone or with groundnut or fish meal to raise the dietary crude protein content by 27 g/kg dry matter.Formaldehyde treatment restricted silage fermentation, increased silage and dry-matter intake and live-weight gain, but reduced digestibility, so digestible organic matter and digestible energy intakes were unaffected. Much of the increase in live-weight gain appeared to be due to an increase in gut fill, as carcass weight was not significantly affected by formaldehyde treatment. There was no improvement in the utilization of dietary nitrogen, but there was some evidence that formaldehyde treatment may have increased the proportion of muscle in the carcass.Supplementation with protein improved intake, nitrogen retention, feed conversion ratio, live-weight gain and carcass weight. The improvement in intake and food conversion ratio occurred mainly on the control silage, there being little effect on the formaldehyde-treated silages. Fish meal supplementation increased the digestibility of organic matter, cellulose and energy, and was more effective in improving food conversion ratio than groundnut meal. There were no significant differences between diets in the proportion of dietary nitrogen retained.It was concluded that the scope for the use of formaldehyde, when ensiling maize for use in diets for young calves, appears to be limited.

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Formic Acid Treatment of Wheat and Corn Silages

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Chemical treatments for increasing the digestibility of cotton straw: 1. Effect of ozone and sodium hydroxide treatments on rumen metabolism and on the digestibility of cell walls and organic matter

Chemical treatments for increasing the digestibility of cotton straw: 1. Effect of ozone and sodium hydroxide treatments on rumen metabolism and on the digestibility of cell walls and organic matter

The replacement of maize silage by urea-treated whole-crop barley in the diets of Iranian native sheep

The utilization by calves of formaldehyde-treated maize silages and the response to supplementary protein

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