Formic Acid

Reutemann, Werner; Kieczka, Heinz

doi:10.1002/14356007.a12_013

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…27 Industrially, formic acid is not produced by reduction of CO 2 but instead by the carbonylation of methanol followed by the hydrolysis of the resulting methyl formate. 28 …”

Section: Biological and Chemical Reduction Of Co2 To Carbon Monoximentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methylformate can be generated from either CO or formic acid by reaction with methanol. 28 The methylformate generated in this manner can be hydrogenated using heterogeneous Cu catalysts, and this route is of interest due to the lower operating temperatures for this process as compared to the more commonly used route for the hydrogenation of CO/CO 2 discussed elsewhere in this Review. 99 Molecular Ru pincer complexes, such as those shown in Scheme 11, catalyze the hydrogenation of methylformate to methanol.…”

Section: Reduction Of Co2 Beyond Co and Formatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO₂ Fixation

et al. 2013

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“…27 Industrially, formic acid is not produced by reduction of CO 2 but instead by the carbonylation of methanol followed by the hydrolysis of the resulting methyl formate. 28 …”

Section: Biological and Chemical Reduction Of Co2 To Carbon Monoximentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reduction Of Co2 Beyond Co and Formatementioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO₂ Fixation

et al. 2013

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“…8 (adapted from [12]). The feed mixture of carbon monoxide and methanol is fed to a carbonylation reactor operating at 353 K and 4 MPa in the presence of an alkoxide catalyst to produce methyl formate.…”

Section: Case Study Ii: Formic Acid Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Solar Energy into Absorption Refrigerators and Industrial Processes

Tora

El‐Halwagi

2010

Chem Eng & Technol

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Absorption refrigeration is gaining increasing attention in industrial facilities to use process heat for partially or completely driving a cooling cycle. This paper introduces a systematic approach to the design of absorption refrigeration systems for industrial processes. Three sources of energy are considered to drive absorption refrigerators: excess process heat, solar energy, and fossil fuels. To handle the dynamic nature of solar energy, hot water tanks are used for energy storage and dispatch. Thermal pinch analysis is performed to determine the amount of available excess heat and the required refrigeration duty. Next, a multiperiod optimization formulation is developed for the entire system. The procedure determines the optimal mix of energy forms (solar versus fossil) and the dynamic operation of the system. Three case studies are solved to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the devised procedure.

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“…Figure 1. Carbon monoxide main derivatives and applications [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The synthesis and separation of carbon monoxide has a more than appreciable carbon footprint. The whole process emits approximately from 1.396 to 2.322 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (kg CO2-eq) per kg of CO [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal carbon dioxide and hydrogen utilization in carbon monoxide production

Medrano‐García

Ruiz‐Femenia

2019

Journal of CO2 Utilization

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Carbon monoxide is the building block of many relevant chemical products. However, the relatively high emissions (1.396-2.322 kg CO2-eq/kg CO) of its synthesis and separation process result in high emitting derivatives. Therefore, reducing CO synthesis emissions is the first step towards more sustainable end products. In order to tackle this problem, we propose a carbon monoxide synthesis and purification superstructure. We perform multi-objective optimizations minimizing the cost and emission of the final CO product across several case scenarios. Results show that the minimum cost solutions are achieved using partial oxidation of methane (POX) as the syngas synthesis process and cryogenic distillation as the CO separation technology. Emissions can be decreased using dry methane reforming (DMR) and pressure swing adsorption (PSA) but costs increase dramatically. Optimal H2 utilization results in a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reactor where CO2 is consumed to produce additional CO. Off-gas valorization is key to further reducing the synthesis cost and emissions.

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Formic Acid

Cited by 50 publications

References 38 publications

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO₂ Fixation

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO₂ Fixation

Integration of Solar Energy into Absorption Refrigerators and Industrial Processes

Optimal carbon dioxide and hydrogen utilization in carbon monoxide production

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Formic Acid

Cited by 50 publications

References 38 publications

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO2 Fixation

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO2 Fixation

Integration of Solar Energy into Absorption Refrigerators and Industrial Processes

Optimal carbon dioxide and hydrogen utilization in carbon monoxide production

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO₂ Fixation

Frontiers, Opportunities, and Challenges in Biochemical and Chemical Catalysis of CO₂ Fixation