Materials and Methods Miconazole nitrate was purchased from Kimia Farma Watudakon Jombang East Java, Indonesia. Carbopol 940, Triethanolamine, Dimethyl sulfoxide, Methanol, Chloroform and Phosphate buffer solution were purchased from Merck, Indonesia. Propylene glycol was obtained from DCC, Singapore. Methyl paraben and Propyl paraben were obtained from UENO, Thailand. NaCl 0.9% solution was purchased from Widarta, Indonesia.