Formulation and Characterization of Glutaraldehyde Cross-Linked Chitosan Biodegradable Microspheres Loaded with Famotidine

Ramachandran, Somasundaram; Nandhakumar, S.; Dhanaraju, Magharla Dasaratha

doi:10.4314/tjpr.v10i3.13

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Mechanistically, free pendant amine groups of chitosan react with the aldehydic group of GA and yield imine bonds [57], distinguishable as the 1600 cm −1 peak in the corresponding IR spectra and originating from the stretching vibration of the imine C=N bond [58]. This peak was observed in Ch hydrogels formed in a range of different Ch:GA weight ratios (16:1 to 1:1) [59], while the Ch:GA reaction is reported to reach equilibrium at Ch:GA = 1:1 conditions [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective anticancer activity of hydroxyapatite/chitosan-poly(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide particles loaded with an androstane-based cancer inhibitor

Ignjatović

Penov-Gaši

et al. 2016

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In an earlier study we demonstrated that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles coated with chitosan-poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide (HAp/Ch-PLGA) target lungs following their intravenous injection into mice. In this study we utilize an emulsification process and freeze drying to load the composite HAp/Ch-PLGA particles with 17β-hydroxy-17α-picolyl-androst-5-en-3β-yl-acetate (A), a chemotherapeutic derivative of androstane and a novel compound with a selective anticancer activity against lung cancer cells. 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques confirmed the intact structure of the derivative A following its entrapment within HAp/Ch-PLGA particles. The thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses coupled with mass spectrometry were used to assess the thermal degradation products and properties of A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA. The loading efficiency, as indicated by the comparison of enthalpies of phase transitions in pure A and A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA, equaled 7.47 wt.%. The release of A from HAp/Ch-PLGA was sustained, neither exhibiting a burst release nor plateauing after three weeks. Atomic force microscopy and particle size distribution analyses were used to confirm that the particles were spherical with a uniform size distribution of d50 = 168 nm. In vitro cytotoxicity testing of A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA using MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion assays demonstrated that the particles were cytotoxic to the A549 human lung carcinoma cell line (46±2%), while simultaneously preserving high viability (83±3%) of regular MRC5 human lung fibroblasts and causing no harm to primary mouse lung fibroblasts. In conclusion, composite A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA particles could be seen as promising drug delivery platforms for selective cancer therapies, targeting malignant cells for destruction, while having a significantly lesser cytotoxic effect on the healthy cells.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective anticancer activity of hydroxyapatite/chitosan-poly(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide particles loaded with an androstane-based cancer inhibitor

Ignjatović

Penov-Gaši

et al. 2016

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The appearance of the peak at 1559 cm − 1 can be attributed to the crosslinking reaction of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. Indeed, Ramachandran et al [53] found that the new sharp peak at 1610 cm −1 represents stretching vibrations of C=N in Schiff’s base formed by the reaction of glutaraldehyde and chitosan. Furthermore, Knaul et al [45] found that the chitosan film that reacted with glutaraldehyde exhibits a strong absorbance at 1664 cm −1 , while Gupta and Jabrail [41] reported that the IR spectra have shown a strong absorption band at 1660 cm −1 in the glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan microsphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Cross-Linked Chitosan-Glutaraldehyde

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This present study deals with synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde. Results from this study indicated that cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde markedly inhibited the growth of antibiotic-resistant Burkholderia cepacia complex regardless of bacterial species and incubation time while bacterial growth was unaffected by solid chitosan. Furthermore, high temperature treated cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde showed strong antibacterial activity against the selected strain 0901 although the inhibitory effects varied with different temperatures. In addition, physical-chemical and structural characterization revealed that the cross-linking of chitosan with glutaraldehyde resulted in a rougher surface morphology, a characteristic Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) band at 1559 cm−1, a specific X-ray diffraction peak centered at 2θ = 15°, a lower contents of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, and a higher stability of glucose units compared to chitosan based on scanning electron microscopic observation, FTIR spectra, X-ray diffraction pattern, as well as elemental and thermo gravimetric analysis. Overall, this study indicated that cross-linked chitosan-glutaraldehyde is promising to be developed as a new antibacterial drug.

show abstract

“…2). The bands were rather intense as a consequence of aliphatic C-H absorption (25). Further, the peak at about 1658 cm −1 is reflective of imine bond (C=N) and the peak at 1595 cm −1 is associated with the C=C bond.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Development and Evaluation of Biodegradable Chitosan Films of Metronidazole and Levofloxacin for the Management of Periodontitis

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Metronidazole (MZ) and levofloxacin (LF) are widely employed for treatment of periodontitis, but high oral dose and resistance development after long-term oral administration limit their use. The aim of this study was to alleviate shortcomings in the treatment of periodontitis by fabrication of intrapocket, biodegradable films of chitosan (CS) loaded with MZ and LF meant for inserting into periodontal pockets to treat infections. The films were developed by solvent casting technique using propylene glycol as plasticizer and glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. Their physical characteristics, such as drug content, surface pH, swelling index, and folding endurance, exhibited results within limit. Further, FTIR and DSC studies revealed stability of films and compatibility between drugs and excipients. SEM images of films showed the presence of free drug particles on the surface causing burst effect. In vitro release in McIlvaine buffer pH 6.6 was of sustained nature assisted by the burst effect. CS and crosslinking agent concentrations negatively affected drug release and positively affected T 90 (time for releasing 90% of the drug) due to altered matrix density. In contrast, the plasticizer concentration increases membrane permeability and hence increased drug release, lowering T 90 . Crosslinked films demonstrated sustained release up to 7 days. The antibacterial efficacy of films was tested on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, indicating good antibacterial activity. Clinical trials on patients proved the therapeutic efficacy of the films by a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the clinical markers of periodontitis, i.e. gingival index, plaque index and pocket depth. Conclusively, the films of MZ and LF were successful tools for the management of periodontitis.

show abstract

Formulation and Characterization of Glutaraldehyde Cross-Linked Chitosan Biodegradable Microspheres Loaded with Famotidine

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Selective anticancer activity of hydroxyapatite/chitosan-poly(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide particles loaded with an androstane-based cancer inhibitor

Selective anticancer activity of hydroxyapatite/chitosan-poly(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide particles loaded with an androstane-based cancer inhibitor

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Cross-Linked Chitosan-Glutaraldehyde

Development and Evaluation of Biodegradable Chitosan Films of Metronidazole and Levofloxacin for the Management of Periodontitis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About