Formulation and Evaluation of a Turmeric Kombucha Facial Toner with Potential as an Anti-Acne Agent

Abstract

Propionibacterium acnes is one of the gram-positive bacteria that causes acne. Many acne treatments use synthetic drugs that have side effects. One alternative for treatment is using fermented products such as kombucha. The potential of kombucha as an anti-acne can be increased by adding turmeric during the fermentation process. The product is Turmeric Kombucha, which will be applied to the skin. The cosmetic dosage form developed is Facial Toner. The research to be carried out aims to formulate and test the activity of turmeric kombucha facial toner preparations against P.acnes bacteria. The novelties of this research include increasing the anti-acne activity of Turmeric Kombucha and the addition of Turmeric Kombucha as an active ingredient in facial toner preparations that meet the evaluation requirements, activity tests, and stability tests. The stages of the method started with Turmeric Kombucha fermentation with variations in turmeric concentration and fermentation time. The fermentation results will be tested for antibacterial activity using the paper disc diffusion method. Turmeric Kombucha, which has the highest activity, is then used as an active substance in facial toner preparations, which will be evaluated and tested for stability. The results of the evaluation of facial toner preparations, all formulas meet the requirements for organoleptic, pH, and viscosity tests. The stability test results for facial toner preparations show that F3 is a stable formula at room temperature storage and extreme temperatures. Based on the results of the irritation test, kombucha turmeric facial toner did not irritate. The antibacterial test results showed that all formulas could inhibit P.acnes bacteria with F3 as the formula with the most effective inhibition diameter of 7.33 ± 0.57 mm, then F1 and F4 6.33 ± 0.57 mm, and F2 6 ± 0 mm. This study concludes that fermented turmeric kombucha can be formulated as an anti-acne facial toner.
 Keywords: paper disc diffusion, Propionibacterium acnes, facial toner, Turmeric Kombucha

FORMULATION AND ACTIVITY TESTS OF ANTI-ACNE TONER ESSENTIAL OIL OF RED BETEL LEAF (Piper crocatum)

“…Glycerin and propylene glycol can be used as humectants so that they can keep the user's skin moist. Glycerin is one of the most widely used humectants because glycerin can reduce the amount of water that comes out of the skin in high humidity (Muhsinin et al, 2023). DMDM hydantoin is a preservative commonly used in cosmetic preparations, because it has properties that dissolve easily in water, works as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial that is effective on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Istiqomah & Akuba, 2021).…”

“…The concentration of DMDM Hydantoin that is safe for use in cosmetics is 0.1-1%. TEA (Triethanolamine) functions as a pH neutralizer (Muhsinin et al, 2023)…”