Formulation of general criterion distinguishing between non-redox and redox systems

Michałowski, Tadeusz; Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk, Anna Maria; Toporek, Marcin

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2013.08.153

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This fact is of capital importance, when redox equilibria are involved e.g., with ions and radicals/ion-radicals and other complex organic species [6]. Among others, GEB was formulated [2] for batch systems with Fenton reagent involved [28], where radicals play a key role [29]- [34]. Approach II offers also special advantages when referred to redox systems, where organic species of great complexity, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formulation of Titration Curves for Some Redox Systems

Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk¹,

Rymanowski²,

Asuero³

et al. 2014

AJAC

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solving of redox systems within the GATES/GEB, established in 1992 [2], is fundamentally innovative when compared with earlier approaches to the subject in question [41]- [53], denoted later as EA, for brevity.…”

Section: Mnomentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation of Titration Curves for Some Redox Systems

Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk¹,

Rymanowski²,

Asuero³

et al. 2014

AJAC

Self Cite

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“…[21]. Other examples of high degree of complexity are shown in the works [9,11,12,[14][15][16]. One of the examples in Ref.…”

Section: Other Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed considerations in this chapter are based on principles of the generalized approach to electrolytic systems (GATES), formulated by Michałowski [9] and presented recently in a series of papers, related to redox [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and nonredox systems [27][28][29][30][31][32] in aqueous and in mixed-solvent media [33][34][35][36][37]. The closed system separated from its environment by diathermal walls secure a heat exchange between the system and its environment, and realize dynamic processes in a quasistatic manner under isothermal conditions.…”

Section: Introductory Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of Titrimetric Analyses According to Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems (GATES)

Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk¹,

Spórna‐Kucab²,

Michałowski³

2017

Advances in Titration Techniques

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The generalized equivalent mass (GEM) concept, based on firm algebraic foundations of the generalized approach to electrolytic systems (GATES), is considered and put against the equivalent "weight" concept, based on a "fragile" stoichiometric reaction notation still advocated by IUPAC. The GEM is formulated a priori, with no relevance to a stoichiometry. GEM is formulated in a unified manner, and referred to systems of any degree of complexity with special emphasis put on redox systems, where generalized electron balance (GEB) is involved. GEM is formulated on the basis of all attainable (and preselected) physicochemical knowledge on the system in question, and resolved with use of iterative computer programs. It is possible to calculate coordinates of the end points taken from the vicinity of equivalence point. This way, one can choose (among others) a proper indicator and the most appropriate (from analytical viewpoint) color change of the indicator. Some interpolative and extrapolative methods of equivalence volume V eq determination are recalled and discussed. The GATES realized for GEM purposes provides the basis for optimization of analytical procedures a priori. The GATES procedure realized for GEM purposes enables to foresee and optimize new analytical methods, or modify, improve, and optimize old analytical methods.

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“…A condition is however required, namely that the pH remains constant in the course of titration, which cannot always be achieved. Michalowski [4,[94][95][96][97][98][99][100] has given a general and definitive solution to the problem of redox equilibria, which does not require any restriction.…”

Section: On the Titration Error In Donor/acceptor Titrations Of Displmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Titration Curves and Titration Errors in Donor Acceptor Titrations of Displacement and Electronic Transference Reactions

Martín¹,

Estévez²,

Asuero³

2017

Redox - Principles and Advanced Applications

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An overview of the state of the art concerning with earlier approaches to titration in redox systems is given in this chapter, in which an overview on redox bibliography has also been undertaken. Titration error has been the subject of a variety of excellent papers, but the number of papers dealing with titration error in redox titrations is scarce. However, a single hyperbolic sine expression for the titration error in donor/acceptor titration of displacement and electronic transference reactions is derived in this chapter. The titration error expression is applicable to symmetrical redox reactions, that is to say, those in which no polynuclear species are involved in the equilibria. The donor versus acceptor particle notation is chosen to accentuate the analogy with that used in the description of acids and bases following the steps given by the French School and other recognized authors (Budevsky, Butler, Charlot, Gauguin, Inczedy, Monnier, Rosset). A diagram for the titration error in function of the difference between the end and equivalence point (pX) is drawn in order to facilitate the graphical calculation of titration error. A detailed error analysis concerning with the propagation of systematic and random error propagation in the titration error is given.

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Formulation of general criterion distinguishing between non-redox and redox systems

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Formulation of Titration Curves for Some Redox Systems

Formulation of Titration Curves for Some Redox Systems

Principles of Titrimetric Analyses According to Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems (GATES)

On the Titration Curves and Titration Errors in Donor Acceptor Titrations of Displacement and Electronic Transference Reactions

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