Formulation of Newcastle disease virus coupled calcium phosphate nanoparticles: An effective strategy for oculonasal delivery to chicken

Enhancing effects of Calcium phosphate nanoparticles adjuvant on the Immune response in calves vaccinated with Foot and Mouth Disease trivalent vaccine

“…Mansour (2001) and Sonia et al, 2010 in that cell mediated immune response reach its highest level on the 14 th day. The obtained results were in agreement with (He et al, (2000), David,(2013) , Knuschke et al, (2014), Seong and Kim, (2015) and Viswanathan et al, (2014) , who stated that CaP act as an activator of the TH1 response. The Th1 type is characterized by the production of antigen-specific IgG2a a Th1 and the secretion of gamma interferon, interleukins which favor cellular immunity.…”

In ovo delivery of Newcastle disease virus conjugated hybrid calcium phosphate nanoparticle and to study the cytokine profile induction

“…The in vivo release studies in ECE showed that the NDV was detected by HA titre on day 1 and it peaked at 5th day post inoculation. Based on our previous studies [20], 6.25 μg/mL of NDV conjugated hybrid particles/egg was selected for the trials and this quantity is equal to 3.80 × 10 9 particles; each particle contained 1.02 × 10 2 virus/particles and it produces the HI titre value of 7.6 ± 0.8 (enough to produce strong immunizations).…”

“…After 2 h, nonadherent cells were removed by gently washing the 24-well plates three times with warm complete RPMI 1640 medium 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator. The cell cytotoxicity effects of the nanoparticles were tested by using spleen cells and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay protocol [20]. The cells were seeded into 96-well tissue culture plates at a density of 50,000 cells per well and cultured for 24 h with minimum essential medium (MEM).…”

Functional Nanomaterials Can Optimize the Efficacy of Vaccines

“…Additionally, antigens such as viruses, proteins, or peptides can be linked onto calcium nanomaterials by a continuous flow method, calcium binding domain, or a layer‐by‐layer method. These calcium particles composed of vaccines are remarkably biocompatible, and could induce DC maturation, balanced cellular and humoral immune responses, and robust antigen‐specific cellular memory responses . Another mannose‐modified lipid‐calcium‐phosphate LCP nanoparticle delivered both tumor antigen (Trp 2 peptide) and adjuvant (CpG oligonucleotide) to dendritic cells, resulting in an increased level of tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and an decreased level of regulatory T cells, which significantly inhibits melanoma tumor growth in mice .…”