Formulation of Trichoderma Based Biopesticide for Controlling Damping off Pathogen of Eggplant Seedling

Abstract

The effect of eight Trichoderma based substrates viz. rice bran, wheat bran, lentil bran, gram bran, black gram bran, mustard oil cake, grass pea bran and saw dust in mixing with peat soil and water were used in the formulation, these were evaluated for sporulations of Trichoderma harzianum and acting against Sclerotium rolfsii for the management of damping off of eggplant seedlings with control. The effect of the treatments varied significantly in terms of production of Trichoderma spore and reducing damping off and tip over increasing germination percentage, plant height, seedling vigor and fresh weight of eggplant seedlings in comparison to control. Among the treatments soil application with T 5 (Trichoderma + Black gram bran + Peat soil + Water), T 7 (Trichoderma + Grass Pea bran + Peat soil + Water) and T 4 (Trichoderma + Gram bran + Peat soil + Water) showed the promising effect in controlling pre-emergence damping off, post-emergence damping off, tip over and increasing germination percentage, plant height, vigor index and fresh weight of seedlings. The highest germination percentage (78.00%) was observed in treatment T 5 at 16 days after sowing (DAS). The lowest percentage (6.33%) post-emergence damping off was observed in T 5 in eggplant seedling at 16 DAS. The lowest pre-emergence damping off and tip over were observed in T 5 in eggplant (2.33% and 1.33%).

Novel Bioformulations with Trichoderma lixii to Improve the Growth Dynamics and Biocontrol of the Cowpea Damping-Off Disease

“…Refs. [64,[69][70][71] reported similar findings in several crops. Consequently, Trichoderma has developed several defense mechanisms against other fungi, as well as indirect means of supporting the development of roots and plants, such as saprotrophs, mycoparasites, soil-produced chitinase or cellulase, and plant symbionts, which degrade the cell walls of pathogenic micro-organisms.…”

“…As a result, root colonization improves Trichoderma's ability to induce induced systemic resistance (ISR), since it makes its connection with the host more stable [61,62]. Additionally, Trichoderma enhanced seedling length and the vigor index of tomato [63], eggplant-when mixed with peat and black gram bran or grass pea bran or gram bran 16 days after sowing [64]-onion [65], chickpea and lentil [66], tomato [59], and maize [67].…”

Optimization of Culture Conditions and Production of Bio-Fungicides from Trichoderma Species under Solid-State Fermentation Using Mathematical Modeling

“…Trichoderma species can promote plant growth and productivity, help to manage pests and pathogens, alleviate abiotic stresses, biodegrade xenobiotic compounds, and produce industrially important metabolites. Using biocontrol agents is one of the sustainable approaches for crop cultivation with numerous benefits, including increased disease protection and yield, as well as reduced chemical impact on the environment [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Challenges of SSF Process for Pea and Wheat Bran Valorization Using Trichoderma Spp. For Biocontrol Agent Production

“…Although several substrate variations have been researched for the purpose of Trichoderma spp. cultivation, there is not a unified standard for food waste and utilizing food waste is challenging as the constituents are widely variable between geographical locations and food industries [7], [22], [23]. SSF imposes several challenges when process scale-up is performed in comparison to laboratory experiments such as high number of microbial variant development, large scale inoculum development as SSF requires generally higher level of inoculum compared to SmF, medium sterilization, aeration is impeded as medium tends to cake together and forced aeration takes the path of least resistance through heterogeneous system, agitation is impeded, heat removal as microorganisms excrete heat with metabolic activity, solid moisture content and water activity may decrease below sustainable threshold, pH control is impractical, heterogeneity of the medium is high, difficult downstream processing, waste management of exhaust gases and solid handling is generally more difficult in comparison to liquid handling in SmF processes [21], [24]- [29].…”