Four outbreaks of nosocomial systemic candidiasis

Burnie, James; Matthews, Ruth; Lee, W.; Philpott‐Howard, John; Brown, Rhys; Damani, Nizam; Breuer, Judith; Honeywell, K.; Jordans, Z.

doi:10.1017/s0950268800067030

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There were 15 yeast positive neonates among the 52 who received miconazole (28 8%), 14 among the 42 who received nystatin (33-3%), and 17 among the 69 who received no prophylaxis (24 6%)-differences were not significant. Duration of stay in the neonatal unit also bore no significant association with yeast carriage: the mean (SD) duration of stay for babies who yielded at least one yeast positive sample was 25-5 (38-5) days as compared with 18-5 (15-7) days for babies who stayed yeast negative throughout.…”

Section: Yeast Prevalence Among Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Candida strains from neonates in a special care baby unit.

Sharp

Odds

Evans

1992

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: Yeast Prevalence Among Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Candida strains from neonates in a special care baby unit.

Sharp

Odds

Evans

1992

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…A panel of specific polyclonal antisera that can accurately identify the common medically important species of Candida has been developed (112). In addition, current investigations indicate that specific monoclonal antibodies detecting surface antigens may permit assessment of virulence or epidemiology among strains of C. albicans (3-5, 14, 65, 110 9 additional types were found in multiple individuals, and 6 types were represented once. Related individuals and married couples tended to have identical resistogram-defined strains.…”

Section: Typing Of C Albicans Based On Factors Associated With Virulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans strain delineation

Merz

1990

Clin Microbiol Rev

118

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Candida albicans is a major opportunistic pathogen causing a wide spectrum of disease in human beings. Methods for strain delineation of this species to assess or predict virulence or to conduct epidemiologic or pathogenetic investigations have been developed. Although factors associated with virulence have been identified, there is no rapid system to quantitate them in a clinical laboratory. Therefore, many typing methods are based on variable phenotypic characteristics within this species including morphotyping, serotyping, antibiogram, resistogram typing, biotyping, biotyping based on commercial carbon assimilation patterns, enzyme profiles, sensitivity to yeast killer toxins, and typing based on protein variability. Phenotypically defined strains generally do not correlate with the pathogenic potential of a strain with the exception of morphotyping. However, these methods can be useful in epidemiologic investigations; for example, they have revealed that most individuals harbor one strain and that infections are frequently due to an endogenous strain. Problems with these methods usually relate to their discriminatory power. When this is maximized, reproducibility (especially between laboratories) suffers. Recently, methods based on differences in DNA structure (genotyping) for strain delineation have been developed, including electrophoretic karyotyping and restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphisms. The development of a computer-assisted data bank and analysis for these genotypic strain delineators will open investigations into the pathogenesis of this infection and permit epidemiologic studies previously not possible with this important human pathogen.

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“…We therefore support the introduction of S. uberis subtype II as S. parauberis sp. nov. as recently proposed following comparative analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences [13] [27], coagulasenegativer and methicillin-resistant staphylococci [28], Staphylococc as aare as [29,30], Clampylobacter pylori [31], Clandida albican.8 [32] and Clo.stridium difflcile [33,34]. Immunoblot [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic and genetic homogeneity ofStreptococcus uberisstrains from the bovine udder

1991

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SUMMARYDNA-fingerprints (Hind III) of Streptococcus uberis field isolates from New York State and Europe showed substantial homogeneity, but were different to those of the type strain of the newly proposed psychrophilic species S. parauberis. S. uberis strains had major SDS-heat extracted antigens of molecular masses (Mr) < 14, 40-41, 42-43, 59-61, 80-86 and 118-122 kDa following immunoblotting with rabbit hyperimmune sera. Bovine sera and milk reacted with the 40-41 and 118-122 kDa antigens. Variations in the Mr of particular bands were too unevenly distributed to permit formation of subgroups. Although cross reactive, the sizes of the antigens of S. parauberis strain NCDO 2020 were substantially different to those of S. uberis, the most prominent antigen having a Mr of 50 kDa. The antigenic and genetic data therefore strongly support the introduction of S. parauberis as a distinct species. S. uberis strains reacted with antiserum to Lancefield groups B. E, G and P, their grouping reactions showing no correlation with DNA and immunoblot fingerprints. Lancefield grouping of S. uberis therefore appears to have little value in identification.

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Four outbreaks of nosocomial systemic candidiasis

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

Candida strains from neonates in a special care baby unit.

Candida strains from neonates in a special care baby unit.

Candida albicans strain delineation

Antigenic and genetic homogeneity ofStreptococcus uberisstrains from the bovine udder

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