Fourier Compatible Near-Field Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Terahertz Imaging With Sparse Non-Uniform Apertures

Molaei, Amir Masoud; Hu, Shaoqing; Skouroliakou, Vasiliki; Fusco, Vincent; Chen, Xiaodong; Yurduseven, Okan

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3130079

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…For comparison, we considered a conventional MIMO system in the form of a Mills Cross with two uniform linear arrays as Tx and Rx, each containing 105 independent antennas with an inter-element spacing of 2 λ . To reconstruct the image, we used an FT-based technique combined with multistatic-to-monostatic conversion [3,4]. The result of image reconstruction is shown in Fig.…”

Section: φ φ and † T T R Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collected data, also called raw data, is then fed into the software for processing. Conventional imaging systems use an array of independent antennas (usually in the form of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) structure) [3][4][5][6]. The scanning mechanism performed by these antennas can be implemented mechanically or electronically using large phased arrays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Fast Fourier-Compatible Image Reconstruction for 3D Near-Field Bistatic Microwave Imaging With Dynamic Metasurface Antennas

Molaei

Fromentèze

Skouroliakou

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Emerging dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs) technology promises to achieve future wireless communications by reducing hardware costs, physical size and power consumption. Especially in the field of radar imaging, they can be used as an effective alternative platform for modern computational imaging; because they can simplify the physical hardware and increase the data acquisition rate. Fourier transform (FT)-based scene image reconstruction techniques are known as cost-effective computing solutions for the imaging system processing unit. However, due to the physical layer compression in DMAs and the fact that they do not produce uniform radiation patterns, the information provided by them is not compatible with Fourier-based techniques and cannot be applied directly. In this paper, we first introduce a 3D near-field bistatic imaging approach using two one-dimensional (1D) DMAs as a panel-to-panel model in a Mills Cross structure. Then, based on the introduced mathematical model, we derive a Fourier-based algorithm for the image reconstruction problem. The proposed algorithm consists of five main steps: pre-processing (to transfer data provided by the transmitter and receiver DMAs to a set of equivalent spatial measurements), applying FTs to the transferred signal, filtering in the Fourier domain, a simplified interpolation, and applying a 3D inverse FT to retrieve scene information. The results of numerical simulations confirm the satisfactory performance of the proposed approach.

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Section: φ φ and † T T R Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fast Fourier-Compatible Image Reconstruction for 3D Near-Field Bistatic Microwave Imaging With Dynamic Metasurface Antennas

Molaei

Fromentèze

Skouroliakou

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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“…As can be seen, the scheme employed in the proposed approach shows much better computational performance than the conventional interpolation-based scheme, especially when the number of samples increases. In addition, in Table 2, we calculated the normalized mean squared error (NMSE) values [4], [24] and summarized them with the computational times mentioned above. To calculate the NMSE, Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By arranging s as a columnar vector (i.e. s ∈ C N T N R N f ×1 ), it can be represented by using its sparse transform domain vector as a compressible signal [23], [24]…”

Section: B Image Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient 3D Image Reconstruction for Near-Field Microwave Imaging Using Dynamic Metasurface Antenna

et al. 2022

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In this paper, rapid reconstruction of a three-dimensional (3D) image of a scene for nearfield microwave imaging using a dynamic metasurface antenna (DMA) is addressed. The imaging system consists of a fixed transmitting DMA and a single moving antenna as the receiver. In the proposed approach, after pre-processing the raw data and converting it into an applicable form for Fourier computations, the converted data are processed by the presented algorithm (all with fast Fourier computations, without the need for the heavy Stolt interpolation step). Furthermore, after extracting a closed-form expression for image reconstruction, a minimization problem is defined using the compressive-sensing (CS) theory, which allows a sparse pattern to be sampled instead of collecting full data, thereby significantly improving the data acquisition rate (according to the CS rate). The performance of the proposed approach is examined by computer simulations and analytical discussions.

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“…The conventional FFT-IFFT method is used to reconstruct the images [14]. In order for this method to be effective in the NF, a multistatic-to-monostatic conversion [20] must be used as preprocessing. See [21] for more details.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-resolution analysis-based approach to accelerate data acquisition for near-field MIMO millimeter-wave imaging

Molaei

Hu²,

Fusco³

et al. 2022

Passive and Active Millimeter-Wave Imaging XXV

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An approach to designing multiple waveforms in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is presented so that the full capacity of the transmitting and receiving antennas can be utilized at the same time. On the transmitter-side, the antenna elements are classified into different groups according to their specific signal. On the receive-side, we use a multi-resolution analysis to retrieve the signals of each channel. Due to the superior characteristics of the FMCW signal, especially in terms of sampling, in the proposed approach, an FMCW radar is considered. To adapt the introduced system to multistatic near-field imaging, we use more accurate models than the effective phase center principle. This contributes to the successful reconstruction of the scene image by efficient Fourier-based image reconstruction methods. The performance of the proposed approach is confirmed by numerical simulations.

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Fourier Compatible Near-Field Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Terahertz Imaging With Sparse Non-Uniform Apertures

Cited by 20 publications

References 44 publications

Development of Fast Fourier-Compatible Image Reconstruction for 3D Near-Field Bistatic Microwave Imaging With Dynamic Metasurface Antennas

Development of Fast Fourier-Compatible Image Reconstruction for 3D Near-Field Bistatic Microwave Imaging With Dynamic Metasurface Antennas

Efficient 3D Image Reconstruction for Near-Field Microwave Imaging Using Dynamic Metasurface Antenna

A multi-resolution analysis-based approach to accelerate data acquisition for near-field MIMO millimeter-wave imaging

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