Fourier Domain Millimeter-Wave Imaging Using Noncooperative 5G Communications Signals

Vakalis, Stavros; Mghabghab, Serge R.; Nanzer, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1109/tap.2022.3177267

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…12 Repurposing the same waveform and hardware for sensing improves spectral efficiency, reduces system complexity, and power consumption. [13][14][15] Owing to all the aforementioned points, this study investigates the feasibility of employing OFDM waveforms for wireless ranging applications without the need for additional hardware. While numerous research endeavors have explored OFDM radar applications, [16][17][18] the potential of OFDM-based wireless ranging through real-world experimentation remains relatively unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of OFDM signals for microwave ranging

Yazgan,

Arslan,

Vakalis

2024

Radar Sensor Technology XXVIII

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Wireless ranging and positioning plays a pivotal role across numerous applications, encompassing wireless networks, robotics, navigation, and distributed wireless systems. A common limitation encountered in many ranging algorithms relates to the requirement for waveforms with sufficiently wide bandwidth to attain precise ranging accuracy. In this study, we investigate the applicability of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals for microwave-ranging without necessitating any modifications. OFDM, being a joint communications and sensing waveform, offers the advantage of repurposing existing communication signals for ranging purposes without additional spectrum utilization. We discuss the theoretical underpinnings of our investigation and present simulated and experimental ranging measurements employing OFDM signals, complemented by range estimation and error analyses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of OFDM signals for microwave ranging

Yazgan,

Arslan,

Vakalis

2024

Radar Sensor Technology XXVIII

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“…The deep integration of sensing systems into future wireless networks is one of the prominent features of 6G [1]. This integration mainly includes two aspects, one of which is the rise of environment-aware applications such as self-driving [2], unmanned aerial vehicle express [3] and satellite navigation [4], and the other is reciprocity of communication and sensing, which means communication signals can be used for localization and imaging [5] while the environmental information obtained through sensing can also improve the accuracy of channel estimation and reduce pilot overhead [6]. However, Z. Zhang, W. Chen, Q. Wu, X. Zhu and J. Chen are with the Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China (e-mail: zhangziheng@sjtu.edu.cn; wenchen@sjtu.edu.cn; xushengzhu@sjtu.edu.cn; qingqingwu@sjtu.edu.cn; laowu3917@sjtu.edu.cn).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Person Passive WiFi Indoor Localization With Intelligent Reflecting Surface

Zhang

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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This paper studies a multiple intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) collaborative localization system where multiple semi-passive IRSs are deployed in the network to locate one or more targets based on time-of-arrival. It is assumed that each semi-passive IRS is equipped with reflective elements and sensors, which are used to establish the line-of-sight links from the base station (BS) to multiple targets and process echo signals, respectively. Based on the above model, we derive the Fisher information matrix of the echo signal with respect to the time delay. By employing the chain rule and exploiting the geometric relationship between time delay and position, the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) for estimating the target's Cartesian coordinate position is derived. Then, we propose a two-stage algorithmic framework to minimize CRB in single-and multi-target localization systems by joint optimizing active beamforming at BS, passive beamforming at multiple IRSs and IRS selection. For the single-target case, we derive the optimal closed-form solution for multiple IRSs coefficients design and propose a lowcomplexity algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers to obtain the optimal solution for active beaming design. For the multi-target case, alternating optimization is used to transform the original problem into two subproblems where semi-definite relaxation and successive convex approximation are applied to tackle the quadraticity and indefiniteness in the CRB expression, respectively. Finally, numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for multiple IRSs collaborative localization system compared to other benchmark schemes as well as the significant performance gains.

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“…[10][11][12] Furthermore, we have shown that image reconstruction can be accomplished using communication signals of opportunity using passive interferometric arrays. 13,14 In this paper, we propose passive interferometric imaging of cracks in conducting walls by capturing transmitted 5G signals that are already present in the environment. Future wireless networks are expected to consist of large numbers of wireless systems, both base stations and users, which will provide a dense electromagnetic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incoherent millimeter-wave imaging using 5G communications signals of opportunity for detection of cracks in building materials

Colon-Berrios

Chen

Schlegel

et al. 2023

Radar Sensor Technology XXVII

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We present a new approach to nondestructive evaluation that uses the transmission of noncooperative 5G signals of opportunity and a passive millimeter-wave interferometric imaging system. Interferometric imaging samples scene information in the Fourier domain and reconstructs the image via a two-dimensional Fourier transform, providing an imaging mechanism that does not require mechanical or electronic scanning. To accurately form an image, the incident fields must be spatially and temporally incoherent, a criteria that is satisfied by the transmission of multiple independent 5G communications signals. We demonstrate the ability to image cracks in conducting walls using a sparse interferometric receiver capturing the transmitted 5G signals from two independent transmitters. The 38 GHz interferometric array consists of 24 receiving elements and generates images in real time. We employ deconvolution to remove artifacts resulting from the system point spread function, demonstrating the ability to determine the location of cracks in conducting walls.

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Fourier Domain Millimeter-Wave Imaging Using Noncooperative 5G Communications Signals

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Investigation of OFDM signals for microwave ranging

Investigation of OFDM signals for microwave ranging

Multi-Person Passive WiFi Indoor Localization With Intelligent Reflecting Surface

Incoherent millimeter-wave imaging using 5G communications signals of opportunity for detection of cracks in building materials

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