In present paper, we deal with a backward diffusion problem for a time-fractional diffusion problem with a nonlinear source in a strip domain. We all know this nonlinear problem is severely ill-posed, i.e., the solution does not depend continuously on the measurable data. Therefore, we use the Fourier truncation regularization method to solve this problem. Under an a priori hypothesis and an a priori regularization parameter selection rule, we obtain the convergence error estimates between the regular solution and the exact solution at 0 ≤ x < 1 .