FPGA-based Data Processing in the Neutron-Sensitive Beam Loss Monitoring System for the ESS Linac

Jablonski, Grzegorz; Kittelmann, Irena Dolenc; Jałmużna, Wojciech; Kiełbik, Rafał; Cichalewski, W.; Rosengren, Kaj; Shea, Thomas; Alves, Fabio; Grishin, V.; Papaevangelou, T.; Zamantzas, Christos

doi:10.23919/mixdes.2019.8787166

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The signal amplified in the FEE is then transmitted to the DAQ system in the gallery. More details about the DAQ system used for the ESS-nBLM system can be found in [6,26,27].…”

Section: Jinst 18 P01013mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity has been scaled down applying a constant scaling factor to all values. Although this was an off-line analysis, the idea behind it is the base of the neutron detection logic which constitutes a part of the real-time FPGA-based data processing in the ESS nBLM system [6,26,27]. It proves the capability of the nBLM detector to identify losses and to discriminate them from the gammas produced by the RF cavities.…”

Section: Jinst 18 P01013 4 Beam Loss Detection At Linac4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detector design and performance tests of the ESS-neutron Beam Loss Monitor detectors

et al. 2023

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A new type of beam loss monitor has been developed based on the detection of fast neutrons produced by beam losses in hadron linear accelerators. This neutron sensitive Beam Loss Monitor (nBLM) has been concieved to fulfil the requirements of the European Spallation Source (ESS) and it will be part of the ESS neutron sensitive BLM system (ESS-nBLM). It has been specifically designed for the low energy part, where only neutrons and gammas produced by the loss can exit the accelerator vessel. Here other types of BLM, based on charged particle detection, suffer from the lack of signal compared to the photon background induced by the radio-frequency cavities. However, it can also be operated in regions of higher energy. The detector is of the Micromegas type and have been designed at IRFU to be able to detect fast neutrons while having a small sensitivity to gammas and thermal neutrons. In this work we focus on the proof of neutron-to-gamma rejection and the first operation of the detector in real beam conditions during the commissioning of LINAC4 (CERN). Controlled beam losses were provoked and have been detected by the nBLM detector installed, demonstrating also the discrimination of the neutron signal from RF x-ray background.

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“…The signal amplified in the FEE is then transmitted to the DAQ system in the gallery. More details about the DAQ system used for the ESS-nBLM system can be found in [6,26,27].…”

Section: Jinst 18 P01013mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jinst 18 P01013 4 Beam Loss Detection At Linac4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detector design and performance tests of the ESS-neutron Beam Loss Monitor detectors

et al. 2023

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“…The transition is based on a threshold setting on pulse duration. It continuously reports counts in an 1 μs window [39,40]. Current mode based electronics can be applied even for other commercially available detectors such as 3 He and BF 3 proportional counters [41].…”

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

First evaluation of a novel ionisation chamber for thermal neutron beam monitoring

Maulerova

Kanaki

Klein³

et al. 2022

EPJ Techn Instrum

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The European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden is a facility established to deliver the highest integrated neutron flux originating from a pulsed source with the aim of supporting an initial fifteen neutron instruments for cutting edge science experiments. This in turn requires reliable monitoring at complex neutron beam lines: in particular, linearity, timing capability, adaptability of the design for various flux ranges (dynamic range) and sensitivity to neutrons within the range of 0.6-10Å are expected from the neutron beam monitors to be installed at the ESS beam lines. Additionally, operational stability and low attenuation are also desirable characteristics for such neutron beam monitoring. A prototype neutron beam monitor based on the ionisation chamber principle and a boron converter, designed by CDT CASCADE Detector Technologies GmbH and ESS, has been investigated at the BER-II research reactor of Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB). The effort to design and investigate a thermal neutron ionisation beam monitor was initiated by adapting the concept of ionisation chambers previously known elsewhere. So far all the characterised neutron beam monitors discriminate neutron hits on a discrete event basis (pulse mode), whereas the beam monitor prototype introduced in this paper estimates the total flux as a function of current (current mode). While most other neutron beam monitoring devices and detectors rely upon a signal amplifying gain stage, the ionisation chamber operates without any gain and is consequently robust against typical detector ageing effects that compromise the sensitivity over time. The initial tests were performed at the ESS V20 test beam line under realistic conditions resembling those of the future pulses of ESS. The linearity is demonstrated for 3Å pulses in the flux range of 2-3 × 105 n/s/cm2 and for white pulses (0.6-10Å) in the range of 1-5 × 106 n/s/cm2. The timing behaviour resembles the data previously recorded at the V20 beam lines. This novel implementation of a neutron sensitive ionisation chamber shows great promise for beam monitoring and diagnostics at ESS. As the ionisation beam monitor itself is an entirely passive device, it is adequately robust to be employed in areas of high irradiation where no regular servicing or maintenance can be provided.

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“…A fast current amplifier is used for this capability. The signal is digitized by 250 MHz ADCs and processed in real-time by a dedicated Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) [107]. The system can switch automatically in charge mode in case of a high neutron flux resulting in a pile-up.…”

Section: Micromegas For Beam Loss Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Developments of Micromegas Detectors for Physics and Applications

et al. 2021

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FPGA-based Data Processing in the Neutron-Sensitive Beam Loss Monitoring System for the ESS Linac

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Detector design and performance tests of the ESS-neutron Beam Loss Monitor detectors

Detector design and performance tests of the ESS-neutron Beam Loss Monitor detectors

First evaluation of a novel ionisation chamber for thermal neutron beam monitoring

Current Status and Future Developments of Micromegas Detectors for Physics and Applications

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