FPR2-based anti-inflammatory and anti-lipogenesis activities of novel meroterpenoid dimers from Ganoderma

(±)-Spiroganoapplanin A, a complex polycyclic meroterpenoid dimer from Ganoderma applanatum displaying potential against Alzheimer's disease

“…Diels-Alder or hetero-Diels-Alder reactions are well known to play key roles in the construction of complex natural products, especially terpenoid dimers. 25 Until now, more than 20 GM dimers have been isolated from Ganoderma genus, [26][27][28][29][30][31] and the majority of them are believed to arise through the dimerization involving the Diels-Alder reaction. 27,31 While the key tetrahydro-2H-pyan ring of (±)-spiroganoapplanin A (1) is produced by a hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of two molecules of the formicin D-derived intermediate I (Scheme S1 †), subsequent oxidation and cyclization also play significant roles in the formation of key intermediates and the novel molecular architecture of 1.…”

“…The distinguishing polycyclic structure involves the key Diels-Alder reaction and cyclizations. 26,27,51 Moreover, (±)-1, (+)-1, and (−)-1 have potential bioactivity against AD by inhibiting Aβ production and tau phosphorylation in cellular models (Fig. 4I) based on the three lines of evidence: (1) (±)-1, (+)-1, and (−)-1 decrease Aβ42 production in U251-APP cells; (2) (±)-1, (+)-1, and (−)-1 decrease the protein levels of BACE1, NCSTN and PSEN1; (3) (±)-1, (+)-1, and (−)-1 inhibit the protein of CDK5 and the activity of GSK3β, and then inhibit the phosphorylation of tau including pTau181, pTau396, and pTau217.…”

Applanoids A—E as the First Examples of C‐15/C‐20 Michael Adducts in Ganoderma Triterpenoids and Their PXR Agonistic Activity

“…Molecular docking was performed on Autodock Vina software according to our previous description. [ 22‐23 ] Briefly, crystal structure of hPXR (PDB ID: 4s0s) was downloaded from RCSB Protein Data Bank (http://www.rcsb.org/), with a resolution of 2.8 Å, then its ligands and water were removed using PyMoL software. The PDBQT coordinates of the modeled hPXR and compounds were produced using the AutoDock Tools.…”

An Access to Highly Functionalized Dihydrobenzofuran Spirooxindole Scaffolds

“…Dihydrobenzofuran is one of the important structural scaffolds that frequently appears in many biological natural products and synthetic pharmaceutical molecules with outstanding biological properties . The inhibitor K76-COOH was proven to have an anti-ulcerogenic effect in ulcerative colitis .…”