Fractionation of Extracts from Black Chokeberry, Cranberry, and Pomegranate to Identify Compounds That Influence Lipid Metabolism

Abstract

Polyphenols show a spectrum of bioactive effects, including an influence on lipid metabolism. In this study, we performed activity-guided fractionations of black chokeberry (aronia), cranberry, and pomegranate extracts to identify the biologically active compounds. The extracts were prepared from fruit juice concentrates with the adsorbent resin Amberlite XAD-7 and were separated into a copigment and an anthocyanin fraction, followed by fractionation into a polymer and monomeric fraction by means of hexane precipitation. For further fractionation of the cranberry and pomegranate copigment fractions, high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) was used. The compounds in each fraction were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), and the quantification was performed by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) analyses. Each of the (sub-)fractions was tested in three in vitro assays: phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE) activity, lipid accumulation, and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells. The results showed that various fractions and subfractions can inhibit lipid accumulation and PDE activity as well as increase lipolysis, particularly copigments. Overall, our results indicate an influence of polyphenol-rich (sub-)fractions on the lipid metabolism.

The Effects of Cranberry Consumption on Glycemic and Lipid Profiles in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Cochrane's risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials is a standard tool used to evaluate the quality of RCTs [18]. Two authors individually assessed each included study using the following seven main aspects of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool one by one: (1) random sequence generation (selection bias); (2) allocation concealment (selection bias); (3) blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias); (4) blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias); (5) incomplete outcome data (attrition bias); (6) selective reporting (reporting bias); (7) other bias. Based on the evaluation criterion of Cochrane's recommendations, the overall risk-of-bias judgment of each aspect was classified as "high risk", "unclear risk", and "low risk".…”

“…Individuals with CVD may have changes in insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress biomarkers [ 6 ]. Polyphenols in cranberry have beneficial properties in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, which has been confirmed in a variety of in vitro experiments and animal models [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Niesen et al isolated the active compound of cranberry and found that polyphenols extracted from cranberry inhibited lipid accumulation and promoted lipolysis, which had a positive regulatory effect on lipid metabolism [ 7 ].…”

“…Polyphenols in cranberry have beneficial properties in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, which has been confirmed in a variety of in vitro experiments and animal models [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Niesen et al isolated the active compound of cranberry and found that polyphenols extracted from cranberry inhibited lipid accumulation and promoted lipolysis, which had a positive regulatory effect on lipid metabolism [ 7 ]. Peixoto et al fed rats a high-fat diet and cranberry extract and evidenced that cranberry extracts improve lipid profiles and protect the liver and adipose tissue from oxidative damage [ 8 ].…”

Vaccinium as Potential Therapy for Diabetes and Microvascular Complications

“…Vaccinium is beneficial in reducing adipose tissue inflammation in models of metabolic syndrome [106][107][108][109]. In addition, dried bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) slowly reduces serum cholesterol and delays the adverse consequences of high-fat diet-induced lipid and glucose metabolism caused by high-fat diet [110].…”

Cricket Flour and Pullulan Microparticle Formation <i>via</i> Electro-Blow Spinning as a New Method for the Protection of Antioxidant Compounds from Fruit Extracts

“…Natural antioxidants can be extracted from plants, for example cranberries and pomegranates. Cranberry extract is highly ranked for its antioxidant quality and quantity [Niesen et al, 2022;Tsirigotis-Maniecka, 2020]. Its antioxidant activity is attributed to the interdependent actions of its organic acids, carbohydrates, and flavonoids.…”