Fracture Mapping in Granite Rock using Ground Probing Radar

Holloway, A.L.

doi:10.4095/133651

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…For example, surveys have been used to image shallow structures in coarse-grained, well-sorted sedimentary deposits (e.g., Jol and Smith 1992;Smith and Jol 1992). Other diverse geological applications include studies of: the subsurface structure of a meteor impact crater (Pilon et al 1991), fracture distributions in granites (Holloway et al 1986), reef stratigraphy in a Paleozoic limestone (Pratt and Miall 1993), structures in folded rocks (Liner and Liner 1995), and the morphology of a subglacial volcano (Gilbert et al 1996). Furthermore, the development of higher power transmitters (e.g., 1000 V), lower frequency antennae (e.g.…”

Section: Ground-penetrating Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been widely used in the study of glaciers for the determination of thicknesses and internal structure of ice sheets (e.g., Jezek and Thompson 1982;Clarke and Cross 1989), in the fields of civil and geotechnical engineering (e.g. , Fowler 1981;Ardon 1985;Holloway et al 1986), and in archeology (e.g., Vaughan 1986;Goodman 1994;Camerlynck et al 1994). It is also a well-established method in the field of environmental geophysics and is frequently used for imaging near-surface unlithified deposits (e.g., Annan and Davis 1977;Davis and Annan 1989;Jol and Smith 1991) and aquifers (e.g., Knoll et al 1991;Rea et al 1994).…”

Section: Ground-penetrating Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Russell

Stasiuk

1997

Bulletin of Volcanology

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Field-based studies of surficial volcanic deposits are commonly complicated by a combination of poor exposure and rapid lateral variations controlled by unknown paleotopography. The potential of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) as an aid to volcanological studies is shown using data collected from traverses over four well-exposed, Recent volcanic deposits in western Canada. The deposits comprise a pumice airfall deposit (3-4 m thick), a basalt lava flow (3-6 m thick), a pyroclastic flow deposit (15 m thick), and an internally stratified pumice talus deposit (60 m thick). Results show that GPR is effective in delineating major stratigraphic contacts and hence can be used to map unexposed deposits. Different volcanic deposits also exhibit different radar stratigraphic character, suggesting that deposit type may be determined from radar images. In addition, large blocks within the pyroclastic deposits are detected as distinctive point diffractor patterns in the profiles, showing that the technique has potential for providing important grain-size information in coarse poorly sorted deposits. Laboratory measurements of dielectric constant (K') are reported for samples of the main rock types and are compared with values of K' for the bulk deposit as inferred from the field data. The laboratory values differ significantly from the "field" values of K'; these results suggest that the effectiveness of GPR at any site can be substantially improved by initial calibration of well-exposed locations.

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Section: Ground-penetrating Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ground-penetrating Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Russell

Stasiuk

1997

Bulletin of Volcanology

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“…Consequently, surface and borehole radar techniques (reflection/tomography) can be used to investigate the lithology and structural characteristics and nature of fracturing of the near surface granite rock to tens of meters. Previous work by Olsson et al (1987Olsson et al ( , 1992, Davis and Annan (1989), Holloway et al (1990Holloway et al ( , 1992, Lane et al (1994), Stevens et al (1994), Grasmueck (1996), Serzu et al (1998), andHaeni et al (2002) have shown that surface and borehole radar techniques are effective in mapping fractures, fracture zones, lithologic changes, and in identifying permeable zones in crystalline rocks.…”

Section: Previous Borehole Radar Work In Crystalline Rocksmentioning

confidence: 94%

Use of borehole radar techniques to characterize fractured granitic bedrock at AECL's Underground Research Laboratory

Serzu¹,

Kozak²,

Lodha³

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Geophysics

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“…~0.25 m for 100 MHz antennae). Georadar profiles and 3D georadar data have been employed for mapping fracture zones within crystalline and sedimentary rock (Holloway ; Grandjean and Gourry ; Grasmueck ; Derobert and Abraham ; Lualdi and Zanzi ) and for detecting joints in karstic limestone (Pipan et al ). Two‐dimensional (2D) multicomponent georadar data have been used to determine the strike directions of joints and fractures (Seol et al ) and to identify the presence of vertical fracture zones (Tsoflias et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semblance‐based topographic migration (SBTM): a method for identifying fracture zones in 3D georadar data

Heincke

Green

Kruk

et al. 2005

Near Surface Geophysics

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Steep‐dipping fracture zones are generally difficult to delineate using traditional ground‐penetrating radar (georadar) techniques. Evidence for their presence in standard georadar images may be either completely absent or limited to diffractions and/or chaotic reflection patterns. To address this issue, we present a novel three‐dimensional (3D) migration scheme based on computations of semblance. This new approach, which accounts for undulating surface topography, emphasizes diffractors while markedly reducing the effects of specular reflectors. After demonstrating the efficiency of the technique on 3D synthetic data, we apply it to a 3D georadar data set acquired across an unstable mountain slope in the Swiss Alps. This region is characterized by rugged topography and numerous shallow‐ to steep‐dipping fracture zones and faults. Only the shallow‐ to moderate‐dipping structures are imaged as reflectors in conventionally migrated versions of the georadar data. Our semblance‐based topographic migration (SBTM) scheme produces a 3D volume containing clouds of high‐semblance values. Application of morphology image processing to these clouds reveals the presence of geologically meaningful structures, most of which are very steeply dipping (>75°). Several of the steep‐dipping structures project to open fracture zones and associated lineaments at the surface, thus demonstrating the capability of the combined SBTM and morphology procedure for mapping near‐vertical fracture zones.

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Fracture Mapping in Granite Rock using Ground Probing Radar

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Characterization of volcanic deposits with ground-penetrating radar

Use of borehole radar techniques to characterize fractured granitic bedrock at AECL's Underground Research Laboratory

Semblance‐based topographic migration (SBTM): a method for identifying fracture zones in 3D georadar data

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