Fracture Mechanics Models for Brittle Failure of Bottom Rails due to Uplift in Timber Frame Shear Walls

Jensen, Joergen L.; Caprolu, Giuseppe; Girhammar, Ulf Arne

doi:10.1155/2016/9402650

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…La investigación realizada por Caprolu et al [18], se centra en evaluar expresiones previamente desarrolladas [45,46], determinando la capacidad de carga resistente antes de que se produzca la división en la solera inferior. Con base en datos de ensayos experimentales de ruptura de este elemento [47,48], llevaron a cabo pruebas de energía de fractura y resistencia a la tensión perpendicular a la fibra.…”

Section: Enfoques De Diseñounclassified

Muros de entramado ligero de madera: Una revisión del estado del arte

Encalada Oña,

Alvarez Prado,

Quizanga Martinez

et al. 2024

ACI Av. Cienc. Ing. (Quito)

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Tras el sismo de Northridge en 1994, mismo que ocasionó daños significativos a las estructuras de madera, la investigación sobre la respuesta sísmica de muros de entramado ligero ha experimentado un notable crecimiento. Este interés se ha extendido más allá de la zona afectada. Autores de países con tradición constructiva en madera han experimentado sobre la geometría de los componentes del muro, la conexión entre el marco y el panel de revestimiento y la implementación de nuevos materiales. En complemento a la parte experimental se han desarrollado modelos numéricos que capturan de forma precisa el comportamiento ante carga sísmica. Este artículo de revisión del estado del arte tiene como objetivo sintetizar las innovaciones y hallazgos encontrados durante la última década, mismos que se detallan en artículos de investigación disponibles en la base de datos ScienceDirect, haciendo de este trabajo una referencia inicial para explorar futuras líneas de investigación en países donde este sistema no ha sido mayormente divulgado. Se ha adoptado la metodología indicada en la declaración PRISMA para dar un adecuado diagnóstico de la información bibliométrica encontrada, adicionalmente se realizaron mapas bibliométricos basados en autores empleando la herramienta VOSviewer. Cabe señalar que en este trabajo se han excluido aspectos de resistencia al fuego u otros factores ambientales. La presentación de los resultados se organiza en función de dos aspectos clave identificados en la literatura: los estudios experimentales y la modelación numérica de muros de entramado ligero.

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Section: Enfoques De Diseñounclassified

Muros de entramado ligero de madera: Una revisión del estado del arte

Encalada Oña,

Alvarez Prado,

Quizanga Martinez

et al. 2024

ACI Av. Cienc. Ing. (Quito)

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Design against brittle failure of bottom rails in shear walls

Girhammar¹,

Källsner²

2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures

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The authors have developed a new plastic design method for light-framed timber shear walls, which is capable of analysing the load-bearing capacity of partially anchored shear walls. For proper application of the plastic method it is necessary to ensure ductile behaviour of the sheathing-to-framing joints and to avoid brittle failure of the bottom rail. In a partially anchored shear wall, the tying down forces are developed in the sheathing-to-framing joints along the bottom rail, which may introduce a brittle type of failure of the bottom rail that needs to be eliminated in order for the plastic method to be applicable. This paper deals with design of anchor bolts needed to tie down the bottom rail properly and it describes experimental results for proper design of washers for anchor bolts to avoid these splitting failures of the bottom rail. The effect of different washer sizes and location of the anchor bolts on the failure load when splitting of the bottom rail occurs is presented. The tests indicate that the failure load depends on the distance from the edge of the washer to the loaded edge of the bottom rail. An explicit design equation for the capacity of the bottom rail is presented.

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Experimental Research on the Load Transfer Mechanism of Tie Plates for 400 km/h High-Speed Turnouts

Wang

Sun²,

Mu³

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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Based on the research and development demand of the 400 km/h high-speed turnout, a new type of elastic iron tie plate based on stiffness optimization is proposed. The new elastic iron tie plate is expected to reduce the stiffness unevenness and effectively solve the problems in the use of existing elastic iron tie plates. However, the new plate uses rubber bosses instead of rubber washers. There are certain differences in the force transmission mechanism from the original tie plate because of the change in structure of the new tie plate. In this paper, a series of experiments are designed to quantitatively compare and analyze the overall stiffness characteristics of different tie-plate structures and the differences in bolt force transmission and distribution laws. The main conclusions are as follows. The laws of vertical load transfer and distribution in the new tie plate are remarkably different from those for the original tie plate because of the differences in their structures. Under the rated bolt torque, the force transferred to the upper surface of the tie plate through the rubber boss in the new tie plate is less than that in the original tie-plate structure by 5.18 kN in the assembled state. Further, the new structure also has lower tie plate precompression; hence, the influence on the stiffness characteristics of the tie plate is less than that in the original structure. However, the steel sleeve deflection in the new tie plate is greater than that in the original tie plate; that is, a larger proportion of the bolt preload force is borne by the steel sleeve, thus making the vulcanized rubber under the steel sleeve more vulnerable to shear damage. If put into actual use, the tie plate bolt torque will be somewhat different from the rated torque; because of the difference in the torques coupled with the different vertical load transfer mechanisms between the new and the original tie-plate structures, the precompression and the proportion of the bolt preload force borne by the steel sleeves of the two tie plates will also show different degrees of deviation corresponding to different deviations of the tie plate bolt torque. Therefore, the new tie plate structure needs to be further optimized to make the transfer mechanism of preload force of bolt as consistent with the original tie plate as possible. In addition, the vibration and deformation characteristics and long-term service performance of the new type of plate under the condition of vehicle passing will be studied through a small-scale field trial and systematic dynamic tests.

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Fracture Mechanics Models for Brittle Failure of Bottom Rails due to Uplift in Timber Frame Shear Walls

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Muros de entramado ligero de madera: Una revisión del estado del arte

Muros de entramado ligero de madera: Una revisión del estado del arte

Design against brittle failure of bottom rails in shear walls

Experimental Research on the Load Transfer Mechanism of Tie Plates for 400 km/h High-Speed Turnouts

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