Fracture toughness and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility on the interface of clad steel pipes with and without a Ni-interlayer

Jemblie, Lise; Bjaaland, Helena; Nyhus, Bård; Olden, Vigdis; Akselsen, Odd M.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2016.12.116

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Fortunately, the cracks occurred in the direction following the pipe length, where the load is low, and were not regarded as representing any risk of pipeline failure. The cracking problem can be prevented using a Ni interlayer [17]. To the authors' knowledge, similar cracking problems with Inconel 625 have not been reported.…”

Section: Bimetallic Interface After Weldingmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Measurements made on welded samples gave evidence that martensite was formed. The maximum microhardness values of 362 and 392 HV in the clad close to the interface for two different macros was reported [17]. Because of the carbon depletion of the pipeline steel measured by an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), the hardness level on the steel side close to the interface is low (156 HV).…”

Section: Production Of Clad Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metallurgical Aspects in the Welding of Clad Pipelines—A Global Outlook

2019

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In the present work, the metallurgical changes in the welding of clad pipelines are studied. Clad pipes consist of a complex multi-material system, with (i) the clad being stainless steel or a nickel-based superalloy, (ii) the pipe being API X60 or X65 high-strength carbon steel, and (iii) the welding wire being a nickel-based superalloy or stainless steel in the root and hot pass, with a nickel or iron buffer layer, followed by filling with carbon steel wire. Alternatively, the corrosion resistant alloy may be used only. During production of the clad pipe, at the diffusion bonding temperature, substantial material changes may occur. These are carbon diffusion from the carbon steel to the clad, followed by the formation of hard martensite at the interface on cooling. The solidification behavior and microstructure evolution in the weld metal and in the heat-affected zone are further discussed for the different material combinations. Solidification behavior was also numerically estimated to show solidification parameters and resulting solidification modes.

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Section: Bimetallic Interface After Weldingmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Production Of Clad Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallurgical Aspects in the Welding of Clad Pipelines—A Global Outlook

2019

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“…For example, [27] includes results of fracture toughness tests for compact tension (CT) specimens made of hot roll bonded clad pipes based on two 316-L austenitic stainless steel-X60 (base metal) / X65 (clad) carbon steel with and without an Ni-interlayer. The interlayer was in the crack path of the CT specimen.…”

Section: Of 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Fracture Process of Explosively Welded AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V Layered Material

et al. 2020

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The study presents an analysis of the cracking process of explosive welded layered material AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V (Al–Ti laminate) at ambient (293 K) and reduced (223 and 77 K) temperatures. Fracture toughness tests were conducted for specimens made of base materials and Al–Ti laminate. As a result of loading, delamination cracking occurred in the bonding layer of specimens made from Al–Ti laminate. To define the crack mechanisms that occur at the tested temperatures, a fracture analysis was made using a scanning electron microscope. Moreover, acoustic emission (AE) signals were recorded while loading. AE signals were segregated to link their groups with respective cracking process mechanisms. Numerical models of the tested specimens were developed, taking into account the complexity of the laminate structure and the ambiguity of the cracking process. A load simulation using the finite element method FEM allowed calculating stress distributions in the local area in the crack tip of the Al–Ti laminate specimens, which enabled the explanation of significant material cracking process development aspects. Results analysis showed an influence of interlayer delamination crack growth on the process of the Al–Ti laminate specimen cracking and the level of KQ characteristics at different temperatures.

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“…The stainless steel clad plates combine the superior corrosion resistance, outstanding wear resistance, and high‐temperature oxidation resistance of stainless steel cladding with good weldability, formability, and low cost of carbon steel substrate . Meanwhile, a large amount of precious metal elements can be efficiently saved such as nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) elements, which is beneficial for replacing the whole stainless steel products and creating huge economic benefits .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Interface Fracture Characteristics of Hot‐Rolled Stainless Steel Clad Plates by Adding Different Interlayers

Wang

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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Series of 316L/Q235 stainless steel clad plates are successfully fabricated by hot rolling with different interlayers of ferrum (Fe), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb) foils. The interface microstructure, interfacial characteristics, shear performance, tensile properties, and fracture morphologies of clad plates are investigated using optical microscope (OM), ultra‐depth microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and universal testing in detail. It is observed that the addition of Fe interlayer has rare effect on the interface element diffusion. Clad plate with Fe interlayer can only obtain poor tensile and shear properties, which is attributed to severe oxidation at the clad interface. On the contrary, the addition of Ni and Nb interlayers can both effectively inhibit the diffusion behavior of interface carbon element and remarkably reduce interfacial weak areas of carburized and decarburized layers. This is due to that Ni interlayer can sharply slow down the carbon diffusion velocity, and Nb interlayer can suppress interface carbon diffusion by reacting with carbon element and forming niobium carbide phase. After adding Ni or Nb interlayers, stainless steel clad plates can obtain superior interfacial bonding strength, tensile strength, and fracture elongation, eventually achieving the purpose toward strengthening and toughening the interface.

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Fracture toughness and hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility on the interface of clad steel pipes with and without a Ni-interlayer

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Metallurgical Aspects in the Welding of Clad Pipelines—A Global Outlook

Metallurgical Aspects in the Welding of Clad Pipelines—A Global Outlook

Investigation of the Fracture Process of Explosively Welded AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V Layered Material

Microstructure and Interface Fracture Characteristics of Hot‐Rolled Stainless Steel Clad Plates by Adding Different Interlayers

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