Framework for a Systematic Parametric Analysis to Maximize Energy Output of PV Modules Using an Experimental Design

Abstract

Use of photovoltaic modules in buildings has been reported to be an effective tool in managing energy consumption. The novelty in the research herein is in a framework that integrates different performance parameters through the use of an experimental design to expect all variables via linear regression analysis. An emphasis is placed on making the method readily available to practitioners and experts in the area of renewable energy, using standard procedure and easily accessible software. This work empowers the decision-making process and sustainability through a parametric analysis of the installation of photovoltaic modules to increase their energy output towards nearly zero energy buildings. A case study of a group of photovoltaic modules is examined in four cities with different locations and climate data to validate the proposed framework. Results demonstrate that the installation of photovoltaic modules on the mounted roof is better than elevations, and the vertical installation of modules is the worst possible inclination to maximize the yielded energy. The impact of inclination is higher than orientation in influencing the energy productivity of photovoltaic modules. This work specifies integrating such modules mounted on roofs and elevations towards the equator line, by a proportion of inclination/latitude equal to 85 ± 3%, to maximize the energy output.

Optimization of a 660 MWe Supercritical Power Plant Performance—A Case of Industry 4.0 in the Data-Driven Operational Management Part 1. Thermal Efficiency

“…The energy conversion efficiency, fuel consumption, and hazardous emissions from thermal power plants on the environment are critical issues of concern in research in industrial and regulatory circles in the last decade [5][6][7][8]. Various retrofits, technology improvements, and state-of-the-art air pollution control devices are integrated at the power complexes to ensure cleaner energy production with minimal emissions from the power plants that comply with various national and international standards [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Optimization of a 660 MWe Supercritical Power Plant Performance—A Case of Industry 4.0 in the Data-Driven Operational Management. Part 2. Power Generation

“…Over the past few decades, researchers and energy experts are closely collaborating in a wide range of research activities to mitigate the harmful impacts of power generation to ensure sustainable power generation and environmental protection. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Cost-benefit analysis of solar energy integration in buildings: a case study of affordable housing in Brazil

“…For example, Najjar et al (2019b) introduced a frameworkbased experimental design to maximize the energy output of photovoltaic systems. Their work utilized PVsol software to simulate and facilitate the design and installation processes of such systems in buildings.…”