Framing the Loss and Damage Debate: A Thought Starter by the Loss and Damage in Vulnerable Countries Initiative

Warner, Koko; Kreft, Soenke; Harmeling, Sven; Roberts, Erin

doi:10.5771/9783845242774-827

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…As a result, efforts are underway or being developed to reduce/cope with or avoid future SLR impacts through developing appropriate adaptation strategies for vulnerable coasts. Greater delay in the implementation of adaptation plan will make it more costly, difficult or even impossible to prevent, reduce and reverse climate change effects which would cause more loss and damage in vulnerable areas [93,94]. In this study, we outlined a Spatial Integrated SLR Adaptive Management Plan Framework (SISAMP), particularly aimed at sea-level rise exposure reduction on developing coasts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also recommended to manage coastal lands through land-use planning as a potential adaptation option (e.g., making changes in parcel shape, size and zoning of urban areas), which can provide significant opportunities for mitigation and adaptation to climate change [86,92]. For example, in a study on potential SLR adaptation planning on the Florida coast, a land-use planning adaptation was recommended for a coastal community to cope with accelerating sealevel rise [93]. Similarly, in a proposed adaptation plan for Los Angeles, zoning of land uses was suggested as an adaptation measure to minimize the risks of coastal hazards, such as flooding in their coastal zone [45].…”

Section: Adaptation To Sea-level Risementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Spatial Integrated SLR Adaptive Management Plan Framework (SISAMP) toward Sustainable Coasts

Davar

Griggs

Danehkar

et al. 2021

Water

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Sea-level rise (SLR) is known as a central part of the Earth’s response to human-induced global warming and is projected to continue to rise over the twenty-first century and beyond. The importance of coastal areas for both human and natural systems has led researchers to conduct extensive studies on coastal vulnerability to SLR impacts and develop adaptation options to cope with rising sea level. Investigations to date have focused mostly on developed and highly populated coasts, as well as diverse ecosystems including tidal salt marshes and mangroves. As a result, there is less information on vulnerability and adaptation of less-developed and developing coasts to sea-level rise and its associated impacts. Hence, this research aimed at outlining an appropriate coastal management framework to adapt to SLR on the coasts that are in the early stage of development. A coastal area with a low level of development, located in southern Iran along the Gulf of Oman, was selected as a case study. The types of lands exposed to the high-end estimates of SLR by 2100 were identified and used as the primary criteria in determining the practical adaptation approaches for developing coasts. The result of coastal exposure assessment showed that, of five exposed land cover types, bare land, which is potentially considered for development, has the highest percentage of exposure to future sea-level rise. In order to protect the exposed coastal lands from future development and increase adaptive capacity of coastal systems, we developed a Spatial Integrated SLR Adaptive Management Plan Framework (SISAMP) based on an exposure reduction approach. Spatial land management tools and coastal exposure assessment models along with three other key components were integrated into the proposed conceptual framework to reduce coastal vulnerability through minimizing exposure of coastal communities to SLR-induced impacts. This adaptation plan provides a comprehensive approach for sustainable coastal management in a changing climate, particularly on developing coasts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adaptation To Sea-level Risementioning

confidence: 99%

A Spatial Integrated SLR Adaptive Management Plan Framework (SISAMP) toward Sustainable Coasts

Davar

Griggs

Danehkar

et al. 2021

Water

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“…In order to test the CRVA methodology three countries have been selected: Vietnam, Uganda and Nicaragua. Both Vietnam (7th) and Nicaragua (4) have been placed in the top 10 most affected countries [36] to climate risks over the past two decades (1994–2013). Uganda, a low income [37] landlocked country located in Sub Saharan Africa, has also been identified as a country highly vulnerable to climate change [6,38,39].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of the agricultural sector to climate change: The development of a pan-tropical Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment to inform sub-national decision making

et al. 2019

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As climate change continues to exert increasing pressure upon the livelihoods and agricultural sector of many developing and developed nations, a need exists to understand and prioritise at the sub national scale which areas and communities are most vulnerable. The purpose of this study is to develop a robust, rigorous and replicable methodology that is flexible to data limitations and spatially prioritizes the vulnerability of agriculture and rural livelihoods to climate change. We have applied the methodology in Vietnam, Uganda and Nicaragua, three contrasting developing countries that are particularly threatened by climate change. We conceptualize vulnerability to climate change following the widely adopted combination of sensitivity, exposure and adaptive capacity. We used Ecocrop and Maxent ecological models under a high emission climate scenario to assess the sensitivity of the main food security and cash crops to climate change. Using a participatory approach, we identified exposure to natural hazards and the main indicators of adaptive capacity, which were modelled and analysed using geographic information systems. We finally combined the components of vulnerability using equal-weighting to produce a crop specific vulnerability index and a final accumulative score. We have mapped the hotspots of climate change vulnerability and identified the underlying driving indicators. For example, in Vietnam we found the Mekong delta to be one of the vulnerable regions due to a decline in the climatic suitability of rice and maize, combined with high exposure to flooding, sea level rise and drought. However, the region is marked by a relatively high adaptive capacity due to developed infrastructure and comparatively high levels of education. The approach and information derived from the study informs public climate change policies and actions, as vulnerability assessments are the bases of any National Adaptation Plans (NAP), National Determined Contributions (NDC) and for accessing climate finance.

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“…The UNFCCC defines 'climate losses' as 'negative impacts in relation to which reparation or restoration is impossible', whereas climate damages are 'negative impacts in relation to which reparation or restoration is possible' (UNFCCC 2012: 3 -our emphasis). Some have interpreted this as a distinction between a 'loss' (which is permanent) and a 'damage' (which is in theory reversible) (see Kreft et al 2012). This is a significant distinction for normative purposes.…”

Section: The 'Mechanism' Of Climatic Disruption Loss and Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Compensating for Climate Change Loss and Damage

Page

Heyward

2016

Political Studies

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With the adoption of the Warsaw International Mechanism in 2013, the international community recognised that anthropogenic climate change will result in a range of adverse effects despite policies of mitigation and adaptation. Addressing these climatic ‘losses and damages’ is now a key dimension of international climate change negotiations. This article presents a normative framework for thinking about loss and damage designed to inform, and give meaning to, these negotiations. It argues that policies addressing loss and damage, particularly those targeting developing countries, should respect norms of compensatory justice which aim to make victims of unwarranted climatic disruptions ‘whole again’. The article develops a typology of different kinds of climate change disruption and uses it to (1) explain the differences between ‘losses’ and ‘damages’, (2) assign priorities among compensatory measures seeking to address loss and damage and (3) explore a range of equitable responses to loss and damage.

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Framing the Loss and Damage Debate: A Thought Starter by the Loss and Damage in Vulnerable Countries Initiative

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A Spatial Integrated SLR Adaptive Management Plan Framework (SISAMP) toward Sustainable Coasts

A Spatial Integrated SLR Adaptive Management Plan Framework (SISAMP) toward Sustainable Coasts

Vulnerability of the agricultural sector to climate change: The development of a pan-tropical Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment to inform sub-national decision making

Compensating for Climate Change Loss and Damage

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